深度视觉的神经群体编码机制

项目名称： 深度视觉的神经群体编码机制

项目编号： No.31471052

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 神经、认识与心理学

项目作者： 陈岗

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 91万元

中文摘要： 深度视觉是正常视觉的重要组成部分。三维世界在视网膜上被压缩为两幅不具有深度信息的二维图像。在视觉中枢中,神经元比对左眼和右眼图像之间的细微差异来重建深度信息。大量使用的单电极电生理记录手段能详尽研究单个神经元对双眼视差刺激的反应, 但无法获知群体神经元是如何作为一个整体来处理深度视觉信息的。首先我们将运用脑功能成像来定位不同视区中双眼视差功能区的确切位置并获得这些功能区之间的神经网络连接特点。然后在深入研究这些深度视功能结构和其他功能结构的关联后，再依据脑成像结果在大脑窗口中有针对性的植入高密度电极阵列。通过同步记录清醒非人灵长类的多个脑区(例如初级视区和次级视区)中的神经元群体活动，我们不仅能首次揭示深度视觉信息在不同视区之间的传递规律，而且会获知不同脑区中双眼视差信息编码策略的异同。研究结果将显著提高我们对神经元的电活动和视知觉之间关联的理解，并将为视知觉损伤的治疗提供新思路

中文关键词： 深度视觉；大脑神经网络；非人灵长类；视皮层；群体编码

英文摘要： Depth perception is an important aspect of normal vision. The three-dimensional world collapses into two-dimensional images at the retina. It is well accepted that depth information is extracted in the viusal central nervous system from the slight difference between images from left and right eyes. Much is known about how individual neurons encode the binocular disparity information with single electrode single-unit recording techniques. However, how networks of neurons represent binocular disparity information in population activity has rarely been investigated experimentally. We will perform high resolution functional brain imaging to examine the distribution of binocular disparity-coding regions at different cortical processing stages, their functional connectivity and relationship to other functionally defined regions. With improved multi-electrode techniques and brain window, we plan to implant imaging-guided electrode array to simultaneously monitor neuronal activity at multiple cortical areas (e.g., V1 and V2) of behaving non-human primates. These experiments will allow us for the first time to examine the flow of information for binocular depth perception between different cortical areas and the coding of binocular disparity information at multiple stages of visual processing. This work will help to establish how the perception emerges from the activity of neural circuits, and will help the development of treatment for illnesses that impair normal visual sensation.

英文关键词： Depth perception;Cortical Network;Non-human primate;Visual Cortex;Population Coding