脊髓损伤后运动神经环路重建的细胞分子机制研究

项目名称： 脊髓损伤后运动神经环路重建的细胞分子机制研究

项目编号： No.81330026

项目类型： 重点项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 刘耀波

作者单位： 苏州大学

项目金额： 290万元

中文摘要： 脊髓是重要的中枢神经组成部分。脊髓中重要的下行神经通路：皮质脊髓束(CST)、5-羟色胺能的缝核脊髓束(sRST)、红核脊髓束(RuST)轴突从脑区投射到脊髓特定区域后，进入脊髓灰质，直接或间接控制脊髓运动神经元，与外周运动神经一起构成脊髓运动神经环路(SMC)，是机体运动功能的基本结构单位。脊髓损伤(SCI)后,下行神经通路损害导致脊髓运动神经环路结构破坏和肢体运动功能丧失，引发瘫痪，是脊髓损伤后最难以治愈的病症之一。对于脊髓损伤的治疗，早期的研究多集中在单一神经损伤后的再生机制。而重建运动神经环路是恢复运动功能、治愈脊髓损伤所致瘫痪的根本途径。因此我们拟在已有的工作基础上，研究脊髓运动神经环路发育中重要的分子信号和功能细胞，在损伤后重建过程中所具有的作用和机制。尝试通过多种分子细胞调控手段建立脊髓运动环路损伤后重建的动物模型。为脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复提供新的分子细胞治疗线索。

中文关键词： 脊髓损伤;脊髓运动神经环路;重建;；运动功能;机制

英文摘要： Spinal cord is very important part of the central nerve system. The spinal descending nerve pathways include corticospinal tract (CST), serotonergic raphespinal tract (sRST) and rubrospinal tract (RuST). Their axons terminate in specific area in spinal cord, branch into gray matter, and finally innervate to spinal motor neurons directly or indirectly. All these components including descending axons, spinal motor neurons and their axons targeting to peripheral muscles, form the spinal motor circuit (SMC). The SMC is the primary function unit to control the body locomotion. After spinal cord injury, the structure of SMC is damaged because descending axons are broken. The patients lose motor function partly or entirely with paralysis. SCI induced paralysis is one of incurable symptoms in spinal cord injury. In previous studies, research was mainly focused on the individual nerve fiber regeneration after SCI. Now evidence indicates that the SMC reconstruction is required for fully recovery of locomotion after SCI besides axons regeneration. Therefore, based on the molecular and cellular knowledge we obtained previously in the SMC construction in developing spinal cord and axons regeneration in injured spinal cord. In this proposal, we plan to explore the potential molecular and cellular mechanism underlying SMC reconstruction in injured spinal cord. We also try to establish a SMC reconstructed SCI animal model by combined molecular and cellular methods. By this study, we hope we could find novel hints for molecules or cellular therapy in locomotion recovery after SCI.

英文关键词： spinal cord injury; spinal motor circuit;reconstruct;locomotion;mechanism