典型有害赤潮生消过程中水体光谱变化行为研究

项目名称： 典型有害赤潮生消过程中水体光谱变化行为研究

项目编号： No.40876091

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 赵冬至

作者单位： 国家海洋环境监测中心

项目金额： 40万元

中文摘要： 本项目对塔玛亚历山大藻、强壮前沟藻、海洋原甲藻、中肋骨条藻、隐藻、赤潮异弯藻、螺旋环沟藻及夜光藻的生物光学特性进行了研究，发现了相同藻种（中肋骨条藻）不同叶绿素浓度条件下反射光谱的变化规律、不同类型自养藻种（塔玛亚历山大藻、强壮前沟藻、海洋原甲藻、中肋骨条藻）反射光谱的异同性、自养型（中肋骨条藻）和异养型（夜光藻）藻种反射光谱的区别、正常水体与赤潮水体反射光谱的差异。藻种（强壮前沟藻）生消过程中，水体的吸收、散射光谱特征随培养时间的变化存在较大差异，生长期和消亡期时，水体的吸收系数、散射系数与叶绿素浓度存在不同的相关关系。通过模拟光谱与实测光谱的对比，可确定赤潮水体实测光谱的"荧光峰"并非真正理论意义的荧光峰，该峰由吸收、后向散射以及叶绿素荧光共同控制，而通常所说的"荧光峰红移"实由吸收和后向散射作用导致，与叶绿素荧光无关。研究藻种的叶绿素荧光量子产量φ#20027;要分布在0.005~0.020之间，φ#22823;小与叶绿素发射荧光强弱无关，但与瞬时有效光合辐射普遍存在负相关关系。此外，项目组利用2007~2011年期间大连湾海域的63组实测数据，建立了该区域叶绿素浓度荧光算法，模型R2可达0.91。

中文关键词： 赤潮；反射光谱；散射系数；吸收系数；叶绿素荧光

英文摘要： This program researches the bio-optical properties of Alexandrium tamarense, Amphidinium carterae hulburt, Prorocentrum micans, Skeletonema costatum, Cryptophyta, Heterosigma akashiwo, Gyrodinium spirale and Noctiluca scintillans. The results find that variation of reflectance spectra for the same aglae with different concentrations, taking Skeletonema costatum for example; difference and similarity of reflectance spectra for autotrophic algae of different types, basing on Alexandrium tamarense, Amphidinium carterae, Prorocentrum micans, Skeletonema costatum; distinction of reflectance spectra between autotrophic and heterotrophic alga, according to Skeletonema costatum and Noctiluca scintillans; difference of reflectance spectra between normal and harmful algal bloom water. The absorption and scattering characteristics of algae show significant variations with culture period increasing in generating and vanishing process, and there are different relationships between chlorophyll concentration and scattering or absorption coefficient in growth and dying time, taking Amphidinium carerae for example. By comparing analog spectra with in-situ measured spectra, the study can determine that the "fluorescence peak" of measured spectra of red tide water is not real theoretical significance of the fluorescence peak, and is jointly controlled by absorption, scattering and chlorophyll fluorescence; besides, "fluorescence red shift" as referred in lots of papers is caused by absorption and backscattering effect, nothing to do with the chlorophyll fluorescence. Chlorophyll fluorescence quantum yield（φ#65289;of measured algae mainly distributes in 0.005~0.020, and φ has nothing to do with the chlorophyll fluorescence intensity, but has widespread negative correlation with the instantaneous photosynthetically available radiation. In addition, based on 63 set of in-situ measured data in Dalian Bay during the 2007 to 2011, the research establishes the chlorophyll fluorescence algorithms in the region, and correlation of model R2 is up to 0.91.

英文关键词： red tide; reflectance spectra; scattering coefficient; absorption coefficient; chlorophyll concentration fluorescence