水文环境变化对江汉湖群大型水生植物腐烂分解的影响及其机制

项目名称： 水文环境变化对江汉湖群大型水生植物腐烂分解的影响及其机制

项目编号： No.31270378

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 王东

作者单位： 华中师范大学

项目金额： 88万元

中文摘要： 大型水生植物作为湖泊生物多样性的重要组成成分，其腐烂分解对湖泊生态系统将产生有力的影响。江汉湖群是全国湖泊密集度最大的淡水湖泊群，水生生物资源丰富，大型水生植物物种多样性高、分布广、生物量大、生活型齐全。由于人类活动的强烈干扰，近代江汉湖群水文情势发生了极大变化，这直接影响着湖泊有机物质的合成-分解过程，但围绕水文环境变化对湖泊大型水生植物分解的影响及其机制尚缺少研究。本项目以江汉湖群大型水生植物为研究对象，以关键水文环境变化及由其引起的生物群落改变对植物分解的影响机制为研究目标，围绕植物分解对环境（水位波动、干湿交替、泥沙淤积）和生物（微生物、无脊椎动物、植物）作用的响应机制研究，通过野外调查、野外原位实验和室内控制实验，揭示水文环境变化对湖泊大型水生植物分解的影响及其机制，探讨水文特征改变情景下植物分解与生物多样性的关系，以丰富和充实湖沼学的科学内涵，为科学管理湖泊提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 大型水生植物；水文环境变化；分解；分解者生物；江汉湖群

英文摘要： The reverse process of plant production - the decomposition of plant litter - is one of the most important ecosystem processes in the biosphere, and thus plant decomposition stands out as a central topic of biodiversity because of its primary implications regarding the carbon and nutrient cycling and the resulting role in ecosystem structure and functioning. Many studies have shown that environmental factors can profoundly alter the decomposition dynamics, indicating that the environmental controls of plant decomposition, as well as the mechanistic basis behind environmental condition effects on decomposition, is central to understanding the ecosystem functioning. To date, a growing number of evidences in both terrestrial and aquatic systems have yielded much insight into the relevance of environmental controls for plant decomposition. Studies focused on the environmental controls of plant decomposition, however, are less numerous and even few in aquatic ecosystem compared with terrestrial ecosystem. The possible underlying mechanisms behind water regime on aquatic decomposition have not been sufficiently explored. Being one of the main parts of the freshwater lakes in the middle and lower of the Yangtze river, Jianghan lake groups is rich in aquatic macrophytes. Most aquatic plant biomass entering the dead orga

英文关键词： aquatic macrophytes；hydrological alterations；decomposition；decomposer communities；JIanghan lake groups