景观调节华北小麦地天敌多样性及其害虫防治功能维持机理研究

项目名称： 景观调节华北小麦地天敌多样性及其害虫防治功能维持机理研究

项目编号： No.31470514

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 刘云慧

作者单位： 中国农业大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 研究在华北平原不同结构的集约化农业景观中，建立具有不同植被组成及宽度的半自然生境，研究景观结构、景观结构与半自然生境交互作用、半自然生境结构特征对小麦地天敌昆虫多样性及害虫发生状况的影响,并结合对不同天敌类群的害虫防治能力、天敌在农田和半自然生境之间的迁移动态、景观及农田尺度上天敌多样性与害虫发生的关系的研究，综合景观结构、局部半自然生境特征、天敌功能及迁移特征多尺度因子，揭示景观管理对农业景观天敌多样性维持和害虫生物防治功能的调节作用及作用机理，为农业景观生物多样性保护和利用、生态服务功能提升的景观管理策略的制定奠定研究基础和理论支持。

中文关键词： 农业景观；景观结构；多尺度；生物多样性；生态系统服务

英文摘要： Sustainable agriculture need to manage biodiversity for ecological services such as biological control. Landscape management is suggested to be important for conservation of biodiversity and its associated ecological services. In this study, we are aimed at understanding the mechanism behind landscape moderated biodiversity and ecological services in agricultural landscape. We will build semi-natural habitats with different vegetation cover and width at varied structured landscapes, and will investigate the diversity and composition of natural enemies and pests(aphids) in wheat fields at both different structured landscapes and at different structured semi-natural habitats; and also investigated the spill-over of natural enemies between semi-natural habitats and wheat fields, as well as the role of different natural enemy groups on pests control.We will analyze the effects of landscape structure, characteristics of semi-natural habitats (including vegetation, width and abiotic factors), and interaction between landscape structure and semi-natural habitats on the diversity of natural enemies and pests, and also analyze the relationship between natural enemy diversity and pests occurrence. Finally, the key characteristics of landscape and semi-natural habitats for natural enemy and pest control in agro-landscape will be discussed.

英文关键词： agricultral landscape;landscape struture;multiple scales;biodiversity;ecosystem service