纳米银与细菌和有机物在地下水中的相互作用机理及共迁移

项目名称： 纳米银与细菌和有机物在地下水中的相互作用机理及共迁移

项目编号： No.41471409

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 杨新瑶

作者单位： 沈阳大学

项目金额： 62万元

中文摘要： 纳米银作为一种应用最广的纳米材料，因其具有微生物毒性并对水生态环境构成威胁而受到科学界的广泛关注。大量研究集中在探索纳米银在静态地表水环境中的转化过程以及对微生物的毒性机理，而对于纳米银在动态地下水环境中的形成、转化、迁移和抑菌作用研究不足。在复杂地下水场地开展的示范实验更是严重缺乏。本项目拟通过混合实验，柱实验，和地下水场地实验，系统研究细菌表面聚合物和地下水环境因素共同作用下纳米银的形成过程，确立地下水环境中控制纳米银转化的关键因素；研究三种典型环境有机物对工程纳米银在地下水中转化与迁移的影响；研究纳米银与细菌在地下水中的相互作用与共迁移过程，以及在动态条件下，纳米银对细菌的毒性。研究成果将增进对纳米银在自然环境中的行为归趋和环境效应的理解和预测，有助于对纳米银在地下水场地中的环境风险管理。

中文关键词： 纳米银；细菌；有机物；地下水；迁移转化

英文摘要： As a most widely used nanomaterial with strong toxicity to microorganisms, which may jeopardize the aquatic ecology and environment, silver nanoparticle (NP) has received universal attention from the scientific society. Most completed studies focused on the transformation of silver nanoparticles in quiescent surface water and their toxicity, while studies on the formation, transformation, transport and antibacterial effect of these particles in dynamic groundwater remain inadequate. Field demonstration studies are even scarce. This project aims to use exposure experiments, column experiments, and field tests to systematically investigate the formation of silver nanoparticles under the combined effect of bacteria extracellular polymer substance (EPS) and critical groundwater environmental parameters; study the influence of three typical environmental organic matter on the transformation and transport of engineered nanoparticles in groundwater; investigate the interaction and co-transport of silver nanoparticle and bacteria, as well as the toxicity of silver nanoparticle to bacteria under the flowing conditions. The findings of this study are expected to enhance the understanding and prediction on the fate and environmental effect of silver nanoparticles in natural environment which may support environmental risk management for the nanoparticles in groundwater.

英文关键词： Silver nanoparticle;Bacteria;Organic matter;Groundwater;Transformation and Transport