微小卫星编队的自主协同容错控制技术研究

项目名称： 微小卫星编队的自主协同容错控制技术研究

项目编号： No.61503334

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 蒙涛

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 微小卫星编队的可靠性和寿命问题是制约卫星编队工程化应用的关键。本项目从提高微小卫星编队可靠性的角度出发，重点研究具备自主故障诊断与容错控制的卫星编队控制方案。研究提出了基于三层递阶架构下的多层故障自主诊断融合策略，实现复杂分布式系统的在线快速自主故障诊断定位；针对敏感器故障问题，充分利用微小卫星有限敏感器资源，设计了基于六自由度姿轨模型的相对导航定姿一体化方案，同步获取较高精度的相对位置和姿态信息，在部分敏感器故障情况下，也可获取次优的估计信息；针对执行机构故障问题，提出了与系统级轨迹规划相结合的姿轨协同容错控制方案，最大限度的利用剩余执行机构能力，提高控制效率，完成编队任务的降级控制要求。通过项目研究，可有效提高系统资源利用率，最终实现编队卫星的长时间可靠的自主运行，从而推动微小卫星编队技术的快速发展。

中文关键词： 微小卫星编队；自主协同；姿轨一体化；故障诊断；容错控制

英文摘要： Reliability and life issues are two key problems that restrict real engineering application of micro-satellite formation flying. From the perspective of improving the reliability of formation flying, this project focuses on autonomous fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control solution. This research proposes a fusion strategy based on multi-level fault diagnosis with three hierarchical architectures. This multi-level fusion strategy can quickly realize autonomous fault diagnosis of complex distributed systems. Concerning sensor failure problems, attitude and orbit integrated scheme based on six-DOF model is presented to make full use of micro-satellite limited sensors, which can gain high-precision relative position and attitude information synchronously. Suboptimal estimated information can be gained even under fault situation. Based on the cross-coupling effect of attitude and orbit dynamics, a fault tolerant cooperative control strategy combined with system-level trajectory planning is proposed to deal with actuator failure problem. This strategy makes best use of the remaining capacity of actuators that improves control efficiency and fulfills the degraded control requirement of formation flying. Through the researches in this project, we can effectively improve the utilization of system resources, and ultimately achieve reliable autonomous operation of satellites formation with long lifetime, thus promoting the rapid development of the micro-satellite formation technology.

英文关键词： micro-satellite formation flying;Autonomous cooperate;attitude and orbit integration;fault diagnosis;Fault-tolerant Control