列车轮对内侧距结构光视觉在线动态测量研究

项目名称： 列车轮对内侧距结构光视觉在线动态测量研究

项目编号： No.61275162

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 孙军华

作者单位： 北京航空航天大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 列车轮对作为铁路车辆重要的走行部件，对于铁路安全运输起着关键性的作用，尤其对于重载货车运输。目前，现有轮对内侧距检测方式已不能满足我国铁路快速发展的需要。本项目围绕列车轮对内侧距结构光视觉在线动态测量，从测量原理和关键技术等方面开展系统深入研究，主要研究内容为：采用透视投影变换和齐次坐标变换建立结构光视觉测量模型；按照轮对段修规程，建立轮对内侧距测量模型；提出轮对内侧距结构光视觉在线动态测量系统现场标定方法，并研制出标定装置；提出快速高精度激光光条图像特征提取算法；设计列车轮对内侧距结构光视觉在线动态测量系统环境适应性结构；构建列车轮对内侧距结构光视觉测量试验平台，并进行现场安装和动态测试。本项目的研究将突破列车轮对内侧距结构光视觉在线动态测量关键技术瓶颈，为轮对内侧距在线动态测量提供有效技术途径和手段，为实现轨道从"周期性修"向"状态修"转变和保证铁路运输安全作出贡献。

中文关键词： 轮对内侧距；动态测量；结构光视觉；标定；图像特征提取

英文摘要： Train wheel-set is the key running component that has a critical influence on the safety of train transport, especially heavy haul freight cars transport. The available measurement methods of the inboard distance of train wheel-set presently can't meet the needs of the railway development in our country. In this project, some systematic studies are carried out in the aspects of measurement theory and key technologies, centering on the on-line dynamic measuring the inboard distance of train wheel-set based on structured-light vision. The main research contents are shown explicitly as follows: firstly, a structured-light vision measurement model is constructed using the perspective projective geometry and homogeneous coordinate transformation, based on which the measurement model of inboard distance of wheel-set is proposed in accordance with the Railway Wheel-set Depot Repair Specifications; secondly, a set of field calibration methods of online dynamic measurement system of inboard distance of wheel-set are proposed, and the corresponding calibration equipments are developed; then, an extraction algorithm with high precision and speed for image features of laser stripe is put forward, and a structure of the measurement system with environmental adaptability are designed; lastly, a test bed for the inboard distan

英文关键词： inboard distance of wheel-sets；dynamic measurement；structured-light vision；calibration；image feature extraction