项目名称: 磁性普鲁士蓝/纳米碳复合材料的制备及其在放射性铯净化应用的研究
项目编号: No.21277142
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 环境科学、安全科学
项目作者: 于洪文
作者单位: 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所
项目金额: 80万元
中文摘要: 核电工业的稳步发展为解决世界能源危机提供了有效的途径,但也带来潜在核辐射污染的隐忧。本项目针对现今核辐射污染处理理论、方法及材料欠缺的现实情况,结合本人及合作方在环境修复领域和新型纳米碳材料的基础,拟开展用于净化核辐射铯的新型普鲁士蓝/碳纳米复合吸附材料的研究,设计制备可磁性回收的普鲁士蓝@Fe3O4/碳多级结构复合材料。本项目首先在大比表面纳米碳材料上原位锚定磁性四氧化三铁纳米粒子,再引入氰化铁离子,通过调控制备气氛组成、温度、pH及时间等关键实验条件,在磁性四氧化三铁表面原位合成尺度可控的普鲁士蓝的纳米晶体组装层,然后研究该材料的组分及形貌对放射性铯离子吸附能力。然后优化制备条件,探索高效、回收简单的新型实用核污染净化材料,如研发三维磁性纳米碳复合材料和抗辐射海绵,以适应不同吸附环境的要求。本项目如取得突破,将可以为核污染处理的材料研发提供一个普适途径,推动其他环境污染处理的技术发展。
中文关键词: 核污染;放射性铯;磁性吸附剂;普鲁士蓝;纳米碳材料
英文摘要: The steady development of nuclear electric power industry offered an effective method for the enery crisis in the world. At the same time, the worrying about of potential radiation pollutions are also the byproduct. However, whatever the theory of dispose of nuclear radiation pollutions, or relative tactics or materials are totally insufficient. Based on the reality and the experience of mine and my cooperation unit on environment repairment and novel carbon nanomaterials, this project will focus on the synthesis of novel Prussisan Blue/Carbon nanomaterials adsorbent and its application on collecting the nuclear radioactive Cesium ions from environment. In summary, we will design and synthesis Prussian Blue@Fe3O4/carbon Nanocomposites adsorbent with a hierarchical structure, which could be recovered conveniently by making use of the magnetic characters. Firstly, the magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles will be in situ anchored onto large surface area nanocarbon materials. Subsequently, introducing the Fe(CN)64- ions into the reaction system. The key experiment conditions, for example, the composition of atmosphere in preparation, temperature, pH value and reaction time etc. will be optimized for in situ size-controllable synthesizing a nanocrystalline assembly layer of Prussian Blue on the surface of Fe3O4. The adsorpti
英文关键词: Nuclear pollution;Radioactive cesium;Magnetic adsorbent;Prussian blue;Carbon nano-materials