易回收磷钼酸铵基高效Cs+捕集纳米复合材料的制备、表征与吸附机理

项目名称： 易回收磷钼酸铵基高效Cs+捕集纳米复合材料的制备、表征与吸附机理

项目编号： No.21507006

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 杨红军

作者单位： 滨州学院

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 核能的开发利用是解决全球能源危机的重要途径，但也带来了潜在的环境核污染隐忧。目前核污染处理技术、理论和材料严重缺乏，本项目针对磷钼酸铵(AMP)纳米微晶机械强度差、难成型、难回收的问题，拟开展用于水体放射性铯净化的AMP基复合材料的制备和吸附特性及机理研究。第一，通过在大比表面的氧化石墨烯(GO)上原位锚定磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子，再引入表面活性剂模板，在纳米Fe3O4表面原位可控合成AMP纳米晶体层，制备可磁性回收的AMP@Fe3O4/GO多级复合材料，解析材料的组分、形貌对铯吸附能力影响的构效关系，揭示其吸附机理。第二，将AMP纳米晶与三维网状多孔道宏观体相材料进行界面复合与组装，合成易回收的无机—有机宏观体相核污染净化材料，探索其界面组装原理，构建易回收的高效铯离子净化技术。本项目可为核污染净化材料开发提供新思路，并推动其他环境污染修复技术的发展。

中文关键词： 微纳结构；重金属废水；易回收；吸附机理；放射性铯

英文摘要： The utilization and development of nuclear energy is one of the most promising way to the enery crisis all over the world. Meanwhile, it also brings many threats to the environment and human beings. However, the technologies, theories and materials used to the treatment of nuclear pollutions are insufficient seriously now. Ammonium molybdophosphate (AMP) has been proven to be a good adsorbent for the removal of radiocesium. But it has certain defects, such as poor mechanical intensity and difficult to recovery, which limited its application. In this project, we will design and synthesize novel easy recovery AMP/graphene oxide(AMP/GO) nanocomposites and macroscopic adsorbents for removal of radioactive cesium in water. First, we will prepare a hierarchical structure nanocomposite (AMP@Fe3O4/GO), which could be recovered effectively from aqueous solution by a magnet. At first, we will anchor the Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) onto the surface of GO. Then add surfactants and adjust the crucial factors to in situ controllable growth of the AMP nanocrystals on the surface of Fe3O4NPs. Subsequently, we will analyze the relationship between morphology structure and efficiency by changing the component, morphology and size. Finally, we will reveal the adsorption mechanism. Second, we will synthesize AMP nanocrystals on the surface of some three dimensional network channel macroscopic bulk materials by interface binding and assembling and develop easy recovery inorganic-organic macro-bulk materials for nuclear pollution treatment. Next, we will explore the principle of interface assembling and build technology system for efficient Cs+ elimination. If this project is carried out successfully, it will provide new ideas for new material development of nuclear pollution removal and promote the development of other polluton remediation technologies.

英文关键词： micro-nano structure;heavy metal wastewater;easy recovery;adsorption mechanism;radiocesium