基于单分散石墨化碳球的制备及其应用研究

项目名称： 基于单分散石墨化碳球的制备及其应用研究

项目编号： No.51272219

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 黎华明

作者单位： 湘潭大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 本申请项目拟采用双模板法制备单分散石墨化碳球，并开展其应用研究。首先采用沉淀聚合和乳液聚合分别合成单分散聚合物球以及具有核/壳结构的聚合物球，要求聚合物球的组分之一在热处理过程中碳化成碳，另一组分热解致孔，热解致孔组分称之为软模板1。然后将制备的单分散聚合物球嵌入交联聚合物基体（称之为软模板2）中，经程序升温碳化处理得到单分散多孔或中空石墨化碳球（软模板2完全热解）；其中中空碳球由核壳结构聚合物球制备，壳为碳源，核热解；同时探索所制备的单分散多孔或中空碳球在电化学催化及储能等领域的应用。本申请项目采用软模板方法，可解决碳球高温碳化制备过程中存在的团聚问题，所制备的碳球具有单分散性且孔径在介孔范围内可调；同时可以实现碳球掺杂，赋予碳球新功能，具有较强的理论意义和实际应用价值。

中文关键词： 碳球；掺杂；软模板；氧还原反应；超级电容器

英文摘要： A novel method for the synthesis of discrete and highly dispersible carbon spheres (DCS) is proposed in this project by using dual templates. Firstly, monodisperse crosslinked polymer spheres with core-shell or homogeneous structures are synthesized by emulsion polymerization or perception polymerization, respectively. The as-prepared polymer spheres are composed of two components: one is the carbon source, and the other is the cavity source, namely soft template 1. Secondly, the prepared monodisperse polymer spheres are dispersed in monomers containing initiator. After polymerization, the spheres are homogenously immobilized into the crosslinked polymer matrix (soft template 2), which is crucial for obtaining DCS. The soft template 2 provides a confined space for the high temperature pyrolysis of the polymer spheres and thus prevents polymer/carbon conglutination during high-temperature treatment. In this way, each single polymer sphere can be converted to carbon within the isolated space during pyrolysis. Meanwhile, soft template 1 as well as core for core-shell sphere decomposes to leave void and hollow part, respectively, while soft template 2 decomposes gradually to leave porous or hollow carbon spheres separately. Finally, DCSs are obtained after pyrolysis of the sphere/polymer (soft template 2) composites

英文关键词： carbon sphere；doping；soft template；oxygen reduction reaction；supercapacitor