亚砷酸钠胁迫下酵母防御基因的差异表达对细胞凋亡的影响

项目名称： 亚砷酸钠胁迫下酵母防御基因的差异表达对细胞凋亡的影响

项目编号： No.21307087

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 环境科学、安全科学

项目作者： 吴丽华

作者单位： 太原师范学院

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 砷是常见的、对人类健康危害比较严重的环境污染物之一，可通过皮肤、呼吸道和消化道等途径进入人体，导致身体组织器官发生病变，从而引起多种疾病和癌症的发生。因此，砷毒性研究已经成为大家关注的焦点之一。近年来的研究发现，砷化物能抑制细胞分裂，诱导细胞凋亡。然而，砷化物的毒性作用机制不是很清楚。因此，本课题以模式生物酵母为材料，研究亚砷酸钠的毒性机理。本项目拟通过检测亚砷酸钠胁迫下酵母细胞的氧化应激水平和凋亡情况，并结合基因芯片技术、实时定量PCR、蛋白组学、酵母杂交等多种技术，分析防御基因的差异表达对细胞凋亡的影响，从多个层面上探讨亚砷酸钠的毒性作用机理。本项目是在已有基础上更加深入的探索，可拓展人们对砷毒性的认识，寻找砷毒性的生物标记物。

中文关键词： 亚砷酸钠；酵母；凋亡；氧化应激；

英文摘要： Arsenic, one of the most toxic metalloid pollutants in the environment, is widely distributed in air, water and soil. Arsenic may enter human body through inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption, and chronic arsenic exposure might be associated with increased the risk of various diseases, such as neurotoxicity, birth defects and metabolic disorders. Epidemiological studies showed that people exposed to high levels of arsenic are prone to develop skin, liver, and lung cancers. However, the exact mechanisms of arsenic toxicity are not yet well understood. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been investigated intensively as it has simple, well understood genetics and is amenable to modification by gene technology, so it has been used as a eukaryotic model for common biological processes. In this study, the effect of arsenite-induced oxidative stress on apoptosis in yeast cells was analyzed. The present subject subject aims to study the differential expression of defense-related genes and apoptosis mechanism of yeast cells in response to sodium arsenite, employing genetic chip, Real-time PCR, proteomic and other molecular tools. To further understanding of mechanisms of arsenite toxicity and identify the potential biomarkers for arsenite exposure, the present study was carried out in several levels including cell, protei

英文关键词： Sodium Arsenite；Yeast；Apoptosis；Oxidative Stress；