纳米纤维防水透湿膜的可控制备及其特异化输运机理研究

项目名称： 纳米纤维防水透湿膜的可控制备及其特异化输运机理研究

项目编号： No.51473030

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 俞建勇

作者单位： 东华大学

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 纤维基防水透湿膜材料普遍存在耐水压和透湿通量偏低的缺陷，难以满足恶劣天气下户外服装的性能要求，本项目拟研究纤维膜微观结构与应用性能间的内在关联，揭示纤维膜的防水透湿机理，从而提升其防水和透湿性能。近期申请者利用静电纺丝技术制备出一种纳米纤维基防水透湿膜，该纤维膜具有高孔隙率的网状互粘结构，其独特的三维曲孔通道能同时提高耐水压和透湿通量，但其现有性能仍未达到实际应用要求。本项目将开展纳米纤维膜特异化输运机理的研究，考察三维曲孔通道微观结构与防水透湿性能间的构效关系，揭示原液特性与加工参数对网状互粘结构成型的影响规律，阐明曲孔通道对汽/液介质的特异化输运机制，明晰纳米纤维防水透湿膜应用性能达到最佳协同模式时所应具有的本体结构特征，实现其耐水压超过100kPa、透湿通量超过11500g/m2/d的目标，以满足其在户外服装领域的应用要求。

中文关键词： 静电纺丝；纳米纤维；三维网络曲孔通道；特异化输运机理；防水透湿

英文摘要： The poor performance of waterproof breathable fibrous membranes can hardly fulfill the requirements of outdoor clothing in severe weather. Herein, we will study the internal relation between microstructure and performance of the fibrous membranes, reveal the waterproof breathable mechanism of the membranes, to improve the waterproof and breathable properties. Previously, we already prepared a waterproof and breathable nanofibrous membrane via electrospinning.The nanofibrous membranes possess net-like adhesion structure with high porosity, the unique three dimensional interconnected tortuous tunnels can obviously improve the water resistance and vapor transmission, however, the performance can not meet the practical application requirements. In this work, we will study the specific transportation mechanism of the nanofibrous membranes. The detailed process listed as follows, investigating the structure-activity relationships between microstructure of the tortuous tunnels and performance, revealing the influence of solution characteristic and process parameters on the formation of net-like adhesion structures, illuminating the specific transportation mechanism of vapor and water in the tortuous tunnels, clarifying the bulk structure features of the waterproof and breathable membranes with the best application performance, achieving the target of hydrostatic pressure over 100 kPa and water vapor transmission over 11500 g/m2/d, to fulfill the practical applications in outdoor clothing.

英文关键词： Electrospinning;Nanofibers;Three dimensional interconnected tortuous tunnels;Specific transportation mechanism;Waterproof and breathable