稻瘟病菌TRX家族成员激活其靶基因及PMK1信号通路的分子机制研究

项目名称： 稻瘟病菌TRX家族成员激活其靶基因及PMK1信号通路的分子机制研究

项目编号： No.31301607

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 江聪

作者单位： 西北农林科技大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 稻瘟病是一种世界性的真菌病害，由稻瘟病菌侵染水稻产生，对我国粮食产量和安全造成了严重的威胁。长期以来通过化学防治等传统方法对稻瘟病防控收效甚微，且会造成环境的污染。近年来，采用分子生物学手段揭示稻瘟病发生的分子机理，成为热点研究内容，并普遍认为将是防治稻瘟病的突破口。通过研究稻瘟病菌的侵染过程，发现附着胞的形成和穿透是一个关键环节，决定病原菌能否完成侵染。目前已知有关附着胞的活动主要受PMK1所在的MAPK信号通路控制，而激活该通路的具体机制，至今尚不清楚。为此，本项目拟在前期研究基础上，对可能参与PMK1信号通路激活的TRX基因家族成员，进行深入的功能分析，探究该类基因参与激活PMK1信号通路的分子机制。并以此为切入点，筛选与侵染相关重要途径中的TRX靶基因，全面分析靶基因的功能及TRX基因的调控机理，为揭示稻瘟病菌的侵染机制提供参考，同时也为稻瘟病的防治工作提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 硫氧还蛋白；信号通路；分子间互作；激活；侵染

英文摘要： Rice blast, caused by the ascomycete Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the world's most serious plant diseases. It is a significant threat to grain yield and food security in China. For a long time, to control it using traditional tools had little achievements, even worse is that the environment is destroyed to a varying degree. For the past few years, exploration of the molecular mechanism of rice blast has been a hotspot. It is generally believed that this way will be the breakthrough point in rice disease control. To invade rice plants, Magnaporthe oryzae forms specialized cells called appressoria. It is the most important link in the entire infection process. Recent evidence suggests the formation and penetration of appressoria are controlled by a MAPK pathway in Magnaporthe grisea, called PMK1 signaling pathway. However, activation mechanism of this pathway is unclear yet. Therefore, we will identify TRX genes in Magnaporthe grisea in this project and investigate their roles in the activation of PMK1 signal pathway. To the point of this, infection-related targets of TRX genes will be selected for functional characterization, and then the regulatory mechanisms of TRX genes will be elucidated. The results will lay a basis for further studies on the biology of plant infection by Magnaporthe oryzae.

英文关键词： thioredoxin；signaling；inter-molecular interaction；activation；infection