极区空间场向带电粒子动力学过程研究

项目名称： 极区空间场向带电粒子动力学过程研究

项目编号： No.41474137

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 史建魁

作者单位： 中国科学院国家空间科学中心

项目金额： 120万元

中文摘要： 极区空间的场向带电粒子（离子和电子）在电离层-磁层耦合中起着非常重要的作用。本项目拟结合Cluster卫星的多点探测和其他卫星以及地基探测数据，把数据分析与理论分析相结合，研究极区电离层上行场向粒子的时空分布和传输特性；研究来自太阳风及地球磁层的下行场向粒子的时空分布和传输特性；研究极区场向粒子的动力学过程及其对场向电流的影响；研究极区空间场向粒子的形成、发展和变化及其对太阳风、行星际条件和地磁活动的响应；以了解其中的物理过程和机制。本项目的创新点在于利用Cluster多点卫星的探测数据,系统研究场向粒子分布与传输特性及时空尺度，研究卫星探测到的极区上行电子新现象，把卫星与地基探测数据结合起来研究场向粒子特性。本项目对于空间等离子体中的输运过程和加速机制、电离层-磁层耦合的整体过程研究，以及日地空间天气的因果链关系研究都具有重要的科学意义，对于空间天气预报模型的建立也具有重要的应用价值。

中文关键词： 极区空间；场向粒子；时空分布；传输加速；动力学过程

英文摘要： The field-aligned charged particles (ions and electrons) over the polar region play an important role in ionosphere - magnetosphere coupling. In this project, combining the data from Cluster and other satellites, as well as the ground-based observations, using the methods of data analysis and theoretic study, we will study on the transportation and spatial- temporal distribution of the up-flowing field-aligned particles from the polar ionosphere, study on the transportation and spatial-temporal distribution of the down-flowing field-aligned particles from solar wind and magnetosphere, study on the dynamics of field-aligned particles over the polar region and relationship between the field-aligned currents and particles, study on the formation and development of the field-aligned particles and their response to solar wind, IMF conditions and geomagnetic activities to understand their physical mechanism. The innovation of this project is using the multi-point observation to study on the transportation, distribution and spatial-temporal scales of field-aligned particles over the polar region, study on the up-flowing electron which is a new phenomenon observed by satellites, combining the data from satellites with the data from ground-based observation to study on the characteristics of field-aligned particles over the polar region. The studies in this project have significant role not only for the understanding of transportation and acceleration in space plasmas and the ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling process, but also have great significance in the study on the correlation chain of space weather in sun-earth system, and for the establishment of the space weather forecast model.

英文关键词： polar space;field aligned particles;spatial-temporal distribution;transportation and acceleration;dynamic process