NdFeB废料熔盐电解法制备Mg-Nd基合金的机理研究

项目名称： NdFeB废料熔盐电解法制备Mg-Nd基合金的机理研究

项目编号： No.51204002

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 冶金与矿业学科

项目作者： 华中胜

作者单位： 安徽工业大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 为了节约资源、保护环境，对NdFeB废料进行回收意义重大。目前，多采用湿法冶金工艺对其进行回收，此过程需消耗大量的酸，且易造成环境污染，而采用熔盐电解法可克服上述问题。本项目利用热力学和动力学方法对NdFeB废料在氯化镁熔盐中的溶解过程及氯化物熔盐体系的电解过程进行深入研究，借助ICP、TGA/DSC、SEM、XRF和XRD等方法对溶解和电解反应的产物进行表征，进而阐明从NdFeB废料中提取稀土的动力学过程和反应机理，并以该熔盐提取液为基本电解质组成，研究电解质组成、杂质、阴极合金成分、电解条件等因素对电解制取Mg-Nd基合金的影响及电化学机制。基于以上研究，建立NdFeB废料熔盐电解法制备Mg-Nd基合金的新技术。本项目的成功实施，将为NdFeB废料的回收与综合利用提供理论和技术指导，不仅可望在回收废料中稀土的同时实现铁的资源化，更可增强NdFeB废料回收的经济性，具有良好的应用前景。

中文关键词： NdFeB废料；稀土；熔盐；提取；电解

英文摘要： Recovery of rare earth elements from NdFeB scrap is of great significance for resource saving and environmental protection. Nowadays, hydrometallurgical route is often used to recycle NdFeB scrap. A large quantity of acid is consumed during the processing, and it inevitably leads to an environmental pollution. This problem can be solved by a combined process using molten salt extraction and molten salt electrolysis. In the present proposal, the extraction kinetics of rare earth elements from NdFeB scrap by molten magnesium chloride will be systematically investigated, and the electro-chemical behavior of the electrolysis process in chloride melt will be thoroughly studied for production of Mg-Nd based alloy. Various analyzing techniques will be adopted including ICP, TGA/DSC, SEM, XRF and XRD to elucidate the kinetic process and the reaction mechanism of NdFeB scrap in molten magnesium chloride, and the effects of electrolyte composition, impurities, cathode alloy composition and conditions of electrolysis on preparing Mg-Nd based alloy as well as the electrode phenomena. Then, a new technology conditions for producing the Mg-Nd based alloy from NdFeB scrap will be established. The successful implementation of this project will provide theoretical and technical knowledge for recycling and comprehensive utilizati

英文关键词： NdFeB scrap；rare earth；molten salt；extraction；electrolysis