赤泥和铁氧化细菌对水稻吸收镉和根表铁膜形成的影响研究

项目名称： 赤泥和铁氧化细菌对水稻吸收镉和根表铁膜形成的影响研究

项目编号： No.41201511

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 邹慧玲

作者单位： 湖南农业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 铁膜是水生植物适应环境所形成特殊结构，它不仅可以阻控植物吸收土壤中有害重金属，还可作为植物营养元素库。因而对植物生长有较大影响。在影响铁膜形成的众多因素中，Fe(II)和局部的氧化条件至关重要。赤泥中富含氧化铁，铁氧化细菌贞铁循环密切相关，因而它们可能与铁膜形成密切相关。本项目拟通过田间试验和室内水培试验，利用扫描电镜、原子吸收分光光度计、化学浸提法等方法，研究添加赤泥或铁氧化细菌后，对土壤、稻田水中镉形态的影响及镉在水稻中分布规律，重点探析赤泥和铁氧化细菌对水稻根表铁膜形成的影响及其对水稻吸收Cd的影响，从而揭示赤泥和铁氧化细菌与铁膜形成关系，探明其对水稻根系结构的影响，并为利用其治理土壤重金属污染提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 赤泥；氧化亚铁硫杆菌；水稻；重金属；污染治理

英文摘要： Iron plaque is a special structure of water plant adapting to flooded environment. It can not only prevent the absorption of heavy metals, but also serve as the nutrient element spool for plants. Thus, iron plaque is important to plant growth and development. Fe(II) and local redox conditions are the most critical factors affecting the formation of iron plaque. Red mud iron oxide bacteria (FeOB) maybe more closely related to the iron plaque formation because the red mud is rich in ferric oxide and the function of FeOB, which accelerate the iron circulation at soils and around roots. In this project, the influence of the forms of Cd in soils and paddy field water and the regularity of Cd distribution in rice by the addition of red mud or FeOB will be studied in field experiments and laboratory hydroponic experiments. Scanning electron microscope, atomic absorption spectrophotometer and chemical extraction method will be used in the experiments. The impact of red mud and FeOB to the formation of iron plaque in rice roots and the regularity of Cd distribution in rice will be mainly discussed. Sequentially, the relationship between red mud/FeOB and iron plaque formation will be revealed. The results will also provide evidence for treatment of soil heavy metal pollution with red mud and FeOB.

英文关键词： red-mud；Thiobacillus ferrooxidans；rice；heavy metals；pollution remediation