潮间带沉积物中海洋趋磁细菌分布规律及多样性研究

项目名称： 潮间带沉积物中海洋趋磁细菌分布规律及多样性研究

项目编号： No.41276170

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 肖天

作者单位： 中国科学院海洋研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 趋磁细菌被认为是生物磁学研究最好的模式生物，作为一类特殊功能生物，趋磁细菌研究一直处于微生物学、地球科学、生物矿化、天体生物学、纳米磁学、生物纳米材料和仿生学等学科前沿，极大丰富了上述学科的研究内容。近年来，海洋趋磁细菌多样性及生态作用研究也受到关注。本项目将对我国潮间带趋磁细菌资源及多样性进行全面系统的调查，获取趋磁细菌种质和16S rDNA信息，丰富我国微生物资源库。通过长期调查分析,认识潮间带沉积物中海洋趋磁细菌的时空分布规律及与环境因子关系，了解季节演替、潮汐节律和昼夜变化对趋磁细菌分布的影响特征；分析潮间带沉积物海洋趋磁细菌种类组成、优势种变化和多样性；找到影响趋磁细菌丰度变化的主要环境因子，认识趋磁细菌在Fe、S生物地球化学循环中作用及生态作用；了解潮间带沉积物中新型海洋趋磁细菌特性；完善分离培养技术，获得新的海洋趋磁细菌种类，为趋磁细菌的开发与利用提供新材料。

中文关键词： 趋磁细菌；多样性；分布规律；潮间带；沉积物

英文摘要： Magnetotactic bacteria is considered to be the best model organisms in the study of biomagnetism. As a kind of special function creatures, magnetotactic bacteria research has been in the frontier of microbiology, earth science, biomineralization, astrobiology, nanomagnetism, bio-nanometer material and bionics, which has greatly enriched the research of these disciplines. Recently, attention has been paid to the study of marine magnetotactic bacterial diversity and ecological function.This project is investigating marine magnetotactic bacteria resources in the sediment of intertidal zone in china, to obtain new marine magnetotactic bacterial species and 16S rDNA information, and enrich chinese marine microbial resource library. During the long-term investigation and analysis ,we are going to learn the temporal and spatial distribution of marine magnetotactic bacteria in the sediments intertidal zone and its relationship with environmental factors. Understand the characteristics of distribution of marine magnetotactic bacteria in the seasonal succession, the tidal rhythm and the diurnal variation. Analyse the variation of marine magnetotactic bacterial species composition, dominant species and diversity. Find the key factor affecting the variation of marine magnetotactic bacterial abundance in the sediment of inte

英文关键词： magnettoactic bacteria;；diversity；ditributiaon；intetidal zone；sediment