多年冻土区热管路基耦合传热模型及其结构优化研究

项目名称： 多年冻土区热管路基耦合传热模型及其结构优化研究

项目编号： No.41471063

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 张明义

作者单位： 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所

项目金额： 94万元

中文摘要： 在寒区道路工程中，热管作为一种高效主动冷却措施得到了广泛的应用，但目前对于热管路基及其复合结构工作效能的认识仍更多的停留在工程经验上，在气-管-土之间的耦合传热机制及模型方面仍缺乏系统的理论研究。因此，本项目拟通过野外和室内试验研究热管传热性能与环境条件（温度等）、设置方式（倾斜角度等）及自身要素（长径比等）之间的关系，查明热管传热特性及其与周围介质之间的耦合传热机制；再基于热管传热机理及相关传热传质理论，建立热管路基的“气-管-土”耦合传热模型，并利用后续的室内外试验结果进行检验和修正。利用该模型计算分析不同工况下热管路基的热状况，结合室内外试验结果，提出简单、可靠的热管传热计算方程，并在满足工程需要的条件下确定热管路基关键参数的取值范围。最后，在考虑全球气候变暖的条件下，确定热管与其他路基保护措施的经济、合理、高效的复合路基结构，为多年冻土区道路工程，特别是高等级公路建设与环境保护提供技术支撑。

中文关键词： 热管路基；耦合传热模型；结构优化；多年冻土；气候变化

英文摘要： Thermosyphons, as a kind of highly effective proactive cooling measure of permafrost embankments, have been widely applied to numerous railway/highway engineerings in cold regions, however, it is still kept in the view of engineering experience to understand the working performances of thermosyphon embankment and its composite structure, and the systematical theory study is lacked in the coupled air-thermosyphon-soil heat transfer mechnism and model. Therefore, firstly, the relationship of heat transfer performance of a thermosyphon with environmental factors (e.g. temperature), installation methods (e.g. inclination angle) and its own factors (e.g. aspect ratio) will be studied through in-situ investigations and laboratory experiments, and the heat transfer characteristics of the thermosyphon and the coupled heat transfer mechnism between the thermosypon and its ambient media can be obtained. Then, based on the heat transfer mechnisms of thermosyphons and the related heat and mass transfer theories, the coupled air-thermosyphon-soil heat transfer model of thermosyphon embankment is established, and then verified by the following laboratary and in-situ experiments. Secondly, the thermal states of thermosyphon embankments can be numerically analyzed under different conditions by using the model. A simple and reliable calculation formula can be presented by summarizing the numerical and experimental results, and the range of key parameters can be determined based on the requirement of engineering. Finally, under the global warming, the economic, reasonable and effective composite embankment structures of both thermosyphon and other protective measures are developed to meet the requirement of highway/railway engineering, especilly high-grade highway construction and environment protection in permafrost regions.

英文关键词： thermosypon embankment;coupled heat transfer model;optimum structure;permafrost;climate change