基于能量有限元的多自由度果树振动采收机理研究

项目名称： 基于能量有限元的多自由度果树振动采收机理研究

项目编号： No.51465054

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 王春耀

作者单位： 新疆大学

项目金额： 45万元

中文摘要： 对果树振动采收机理进行深入的研究，建立弹性地基半无限长梁、多自由度树干、树枝动力学模型，探讨模型离散的方法，应用能量有限元构建振动控制方程、研究多自由度不同形态树干、树枝激励时的动态响应，确定果实的运动规律、脱落时的加速度、脱落惯性力，以及脱落的形式、载荷的种类、脱落主要由什么载荷造成、建立正确的评价指标，揭示振动采收问题的科学机理以及主要影响因素，阐明振动采收果实的运动规律、受力特点以及振动能量损耗、能量的传递规律、振动频率、振幅、位移、激振力的大小、作用时间、采收时间、果实适合采收的成熟度等对采摘效率的影响，给出振动采收机理的实验验证，完善机械振动采收的理论，为我国的果品机械化采收做出应有的贡献。

中文关键词： 机械振动；动力学；能量有限元；果树采收；惯性力

英文摘要： To deeply research fruit tree harvesting vibratory mechanism,we establish a semi-infinite length beam with elastic foundation, multiple degrees of freedom dynamic model of trunk and branches.We explore the model of discrete method, and build energy vibration control equation with finite element to research multi degrees of freedom of different trunk and branches' dynamic response when they are excited.We could determine the motion rule of fruit, divorced acceleration, divorced inertia force, the form of divorcement, the load type and which load induce divorcement, as well as establish the correct evaluation index.We found the problem of vibratoryharvestor of scientific mechanism and main influencing factors. This paper clarifies the impact on the picking efficiency factor, such as motion law and character of external force of vibration harvesting fruit, vibration energy loss,energy transfer law, vibration frequency, amplitude, displacement, exciting force, action time, harvesting time, fruit maturity suited for picking ect. The mechanism of vibratoryharvesting experiment is presented. It improves the mechanical vibration theory of harvested to make contribution for our country's fruit harvesting mechanization.

英文关键词： mechanical vibration;kinetic;energy finite element;harvest;inertial force