基于GWAS后数据分析的鸡喙畸形性状分子遗传机制研究

项目名称： 基于GWAS后数据分析的鸡喙畸形性状分子遗传机制研究

项目编号： No.31501949

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 畜牧学与草地科学

项目作者： 孙研研

作者单位： 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 地方鸡种如北京油鸡、清远麻鸡和胡须鸡等种群中存在喙畸形现象，比例达1-3%，表现为上下喙咬合不全，影响采食和饮水，导致生长缓慢甚至死亡，严重影响鸡的生长、繁殖及动物福利，降低地方鸡的种用价值和生产效益。迄今为止，鸡喙畸形的分子遗传机制尚不明确，致畸基因有待挖掘和剔除。本研究拟针对前期GWAS数据，结合生物学和发育学相关知识，筛选鉴定出显著关联位点附近易感区域内候选基因，并进行多态性位点检测、独立群体验证；同时通过基于生物学通路和网络的关联分析，揭示喙畸形相关生物学通路，结合候选基因结果，揭示喙畸形性状的致畸基因及突变位点。最终目的是开发分子标记，用于通过分子生物学方法快速鉴定并剔除喙畸形/致畸基因携带者个体，提高北京油鸡等地方鸡品种的标准化程度，因此本研究具有重要的实际意义；同时，重要功能基因的发现有助于揭示喙畸形发生的分子遗传机制这一重要科学问题，也为其它鸟类的的喙畸形研究提供参考。

中文关键词： 鸡；喙畸形；基因组关联分析；600K；基因芯片

英文摘要： Frequencies of 1% to 3% of beak deformity (crossed beaks) were found in various indigenous chickens of China, such as Beijing-You chicken, Qingyuan Partridge chicken, and Huxu chicken. Chickens with deformed beaks have reduced feed intake and growth rate. Therefore, beak deformity represents an economic as well as an animal welfare problem in the poultry industry. However, the teratogenic genes and molecular genetic background of beak deformity are not clear yet. In this study, firstly the candidate genes nearby SNPs which were associated with beak deformity from previous study will be screened and identified combined with biology. Polymorphic loci of the candidate genes will be identified by sequencing and associated with beak deformity traits. Two chicken populations will be used to validate the polymorphic loci and effects. Secondly, the gwas based on pathway analysis will be performed to identify the biology pathway involved in the formation of deformity. The candidate genes and pathway identified from these analysis will reveal the molecular mechanisms of chicken beak deformity. The results will used to rapidly eliminate the chickens with deformed beaks and block the generation of teratogenic genes. Meanwhile, this study has certain reference value for the similar genetic diseases study in other animals including human beings. Therefore, it is both of important scientific significance and economic value.

英文关键词： chicken;beak deformity;genome wide association study;600K SNP chip