[HHM20] discovered, for 7 pairs (C,D) of seemingly distinct standard electoral control types, that C and D are identical: For each input I and each election system, I is a Yes instance of both C and D, or of neither. Surprisingly this had gone undetected, even as the field was score-carding how many std. control types election systems were resistant to; various "different" cells on such score cards were, unknowingly, duplicate effort on the same issue. This naturally raises the worry that other pairs of control types are also identical, and so work still is being needlessly duplicated. We determine, for all std. control types, which pairs are, for elections whose votes are linear orderings of the candidates, always identical. We show that no identical control pairs exist beyond the known 7. We for 3 central election systems determine which control pairs are identical ("collapse") with respect to those systems, and we explore containment/incomparability relationships between control pairs. For approval voting, which has a different "type" for its votes, [HHM20]'s 7 collapses still hold. But we find 14 additional collapses that hold for approval voting but not for some election systems whose votes are linear orderings. We find 1 additional collapse for veto and none for plurality. We prove that each of the 3 election systems mentioned have no collapses other than those inherited from [HHM20] or added here. But we show many new containment relationships that hold between some separating control pairs, and for each separating pair of std. control types classify its separation in terms of containment (always, and strict on some inputs) or incomparability. Our work, for the general case and these 3 important election systems, clarifies the landscape of the 44 std. control types, for each pair collapsing or separating them, and also providing finer-grained information on the separations.
翻译:对于7对看似截然不同的标准选举控制类型(C,D)而言,发现C和D是相同的:对于每个输入的I和每个选举系统,我都是两个C和D的“是”例子,或者两者都不是。令人惊讶的是,这没有被察觉到,即使这个字段的计分卡是多少个标准。控制类型选举系统有抵抗力;这种计分卡上的各种“不同”的单元格在不知情的情况下重复了对同一问题的努力。这自然引起了其他控制类型是相同的,因此工作仍然是不必要的重复。对于所有输入的I和每一个选举系统来说,我是一个“是”的C和D的“是”例子。对于候选人的直线性排序选举,我所看到的总是相同的是相同的。我们三个中央选举系统确定这些系统与这些系统是相同的控制配对,我们对这些系统的控制/调和调和调和调和关系很自然。对于批准投票来说,我们这里的“类型”是不同的“类型 ” 选举的“类型,[HCLL 类型,我们为1级 显示每个选择的顺序的“是不同的,但是我们持有更多的“直径方”系统。</s>