The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to increasing concerns about the capability of AI systems to make decisions and behave responsibly. Responsible AI (RAI) refers to the development and use of AI systems that benefit humans, society, and the environment while minimising the risk of negative consequences. To ensure responsible AI, the risks associated with AI systems' development and use must be identified, assessed and mitigated. Various AI risk assessment frameworks have been released recently by governments, organisations, and companies. However, it can be challenging for AI stakeholders to have a clear picture of the available frameworks and determine the most suitable ones for a specific context. Additionally, there is a need to identify areas that require further research or development of new frameworks. To fill the gap, we present a survey of 16 existing RAI risk assessment frameworks from the industry, governments, and non-government organizations (NGOs). We identify key characteristics of each framework and analyse them in terms of RAI principles, stakeholders, system lifecycle stages, geographical locations, targeted domains, and assessment methods. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the frameworks and highlights areas of convergence and divergence among them. We also identify the deficiencies in existing frameworks and outlines the essential characteristics a concrete framework should possess. Our findings and insights can help relevant stakeholders choose suitable RAI risk assessment frameworks and guide the design of future frameworks towards concreteness.
翻译:负责任的大赦国际(RAI)是指开发和使用有利于人类、社会和环境的AI系统,同时尽量减少消极后果的风险。为了确保负责任的大赦国际,必须查明、评估和减轻与AI系统开发和使用有关的风险。各国政府、组织和公司最近公布了各种AI风险评估框架。然而,大赦国际的利益攸关方很难清楚地了解现有框架并确定适合具体情况的框架。此外,需要查明需要进一步研究或制定新框架的领域。为了填补这一空白,我们提出一份调查,调查16个现有的RAI风险评估框架,由工业界、各国政府和非政府组织提出。我们确定每个框架的主要特点,并根据RAI原则、利益攸关方、系统生命周期阶段、地理位置、目标领域和评估方法分析这些特点。我们的研究可能具有挑战性。我们的研究对框架的现状进行了全面分析,并突出了它们之间的趋同和差异领域。我们还需要查明需要进一步研究或开发新框架的领域。我们提出了一份调查,以填补这一空白。我们提出的16个现有RAI风险评估框架的16个现有风险评估框架。我们确定了各个框架的主要特点,并分析这些框架的具体目标应当是:我们现有的框架的准确性。