sPhinX: Sample Efficient Multilingual Instruction Fine-Tuning Through N-shot Guided Prompting

Despite the remarkable success of LLMs in English, there is a significant gap in performance in non-English languages. In order to address this, we introduce a novel recipe for creating a multilingual synthetic instruction tuning dataset, sPhinX, which is created by selectively translating instruction response pairs from English into 50 languages. We test the effectiveness of sPhinx by using it to fine-tune two state-of-the-art models, Mistral-7B and Phi-Small and then evaluating them across a comprehensive suite of multilingual benchmarks that test reasoning, question answering, reading comprehension and machine translation. Our results show that Mistral-7B and Phi-Small fine-tuned with sPhinX perform better on an average by 5%pt for both the models when compared to the base variants of these models. We also devise a strategy to incorporate N-shot examples in each fine-tuning sample which further boosts the performance of these models by 9%pt and 4%pt respectively respectively compared to vanilla fine-tuning. To show efficacy of our data curation approach, we also directly translate our original dataset to the target languages, and observe an increase of 7%pt and 4%pt on both the models respectively. sPhinX outperforms other multilingual instruction tuning datasets in both efficiency and diversity, reducing dataset creation costs. It also maintains strong performance on standard English LLM benchmarks, with minimal regression.