Modern computational methods, involving highly sophisticated mathematical formulations, enable several tasks like modeling complex physical phenomenon, predicting key properties and design optimization. The higher fidelity in these computer models makes it computationally intensive to query them hundreds of times for optimization and one usually relies on a simplified model albeit at the cost of losing predictive accuracy and precision. Towards this, data-driven surrogate modeling methods have shown a lot of promise in emulating the behavior of the expensive computer models. However, a major bottleneck in such methods is the inability to deal with high input dimensionality and the need for relatively large datasets. With such problems, the input and output quantity of interest are tensors of high dimensionality. Commonly used surrogate modeling methods for such problems, suffer from requirements like high number of computational evaluations that precludes one from performing other numerical tasks like uncertainty quantification and statistical analysis. In this work, we propose an end-to-end approach that maps a high-dimensional image like input to an output of high dimensionality or its key statistics. Our approach uses two main framework that perform three steps: a) reduce the input and output from a high-dimensional space to a reduced or low-dimensional space, b) model the input-output relationship in the low-dimensional space, and c) enable the incorporation of domain-specific physical constraints as masks. In order to accomplish the task of reducing input dimensionality we leverage principal component analysis, that is coupled with two surrogate modeling methods namely: a) Bayesian hybrid modeling, and b) DeepHyper's deep neural networks. We demonstrate the applicability of the approach on a problem of a linear elastic stress field data.
翻译:现代计算方法,涉及高度复杂的数学公式,可以完成多个任务,如建模复杂的物理现象,预测关键属性和设计优化。高保真度的这些计算机模型使其询问数百次以进行优化变得计算密集,人们通常依赖简化模型,尽管会以预测准确性和精度为代价。为了解决这个问题,数据驱动的代理建模方法在模拟昂贵的计算机模型行为方面显示出很多潜力。然而,这种方法的一个主要瓶颈是不能处理高输入维度和需要相对较大的数据集。在这样的问题中,输入和输出的感兴趣的数量是高维张量。常用代理建模方法对于这样的问题是存在一些要求的,例如高数量的计算评估,这会使人们无法执行其他与数字相关的任务,例如不确定性量化和统计分析。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种端到端方法,将高维图像输入映射到高维输出或其关键统计信息。我们的方法使用两个主要框架执行三个步骤:a)将输入和输出从高维空间减少到减少或低维空间,b)在低维度空间中建模输入输出关系,以及c)允许纳入特定于领域的物理约束作为蒙版。为了完成减少输入维度的任务,我们利用主成分分析,与两种代理建模方法相结合,即:a)贝叶斯混合建模,和b)DeepHyper的深度神经网络。我们证明了该方法在线性弹性应力场数据问题上的适用性。