Quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols aim at allowing two parties to generate a secret shared key. While many QKD protocols have been proven unconditionally secure in theory, practical security analyses of experimental QKD implementations typically do not take into account all possible loopholes, and practical devices are still not fully characterized for obtaining tight and realistic key rates. We present a simple method of computing secure key rates for any practical implementation of discrete-variable QKD (which can also apply to measurement-device-independent QKD), initially in the single-qubit lossless regime, and we rigorously prove its unconditional security against any possible attack. We hope our method becomes one of the standard tools used for analysing, benchmarking, and standardizing all practical realizations of QKD.
翻译:量子钥匙分配协议(QKD)旨在允许双方产生一个秘密的共享钥匙。虽然许多QKD协议在理论上被证明是无条件安全的,但对实验性QKD实施的实际安全分析通常没有考虑到所有可能的漏洞,而且实际装置仍然没有完全的特征来获得紧凑和现实的关键费率。我们提出了一个简单的计算方法,用于确保独立可变QKD(也可以适用于测量-设计独立的QKD)的任何实际实施关键费率,最初是单位无损制度,我们严格地证明它不受任何可能的攻击的无条件安全。 我们希望我们的方法成为用于分析、设定基准和标准实现QKD的所有实际实现的标准工具之一。