Satisfiability modulo theories for verifying MILP certificates

Correctness of results returned from mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) solvers is highly desirable, particularly in the context of applications such as hardware verification, compiler optimization, or machine-assisted theorem proving. To this end, VIPR is the first recently proposed certificate format for answers produced by MILP solvers. We design a schema to encode VIPR's inference rules as Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) instances and show the equivalence of the certificates' correctness and the satisfiability of the corresponding SMT instances. In addition, we implement this schema with and without parallelization in a checker for VIPR certificates and test the viability of this approach on benchmark instances found in the literature with the cvc5 solver.