思考权:绘制“neuropro rights”的道德和法律基础图 (Minding rights: Mapping ethical and legal foundations of 'neurorights')

Sjors Ligthart,Marcello Ienca,Gerben Meynen,Fruzsina Molnar-Gabor,Roberto Andorno,Christoph Bublitz,Paul Catley,Lisa Claydon,Thomas Douglas,Joseph J. Fins,Sara Goering,Pim Haselager,Fabrice Jotterand,Andrea Lavazza,Allan McCay,Abel Wajnerman Paz,Stephen Rainey,Jesper Ryberg,Philipp Kellmeyer

The rise of neurotechnologies, especially in combination with AI-based methods for brain data analytics, has given rise to concerns around the protection of mental privacy, mental integrity and cognitive liberty - often framed as 'neurorights' in ethical, legal and policy discussions. Several states are now looking at including 'neurorights' into their constitutional legal frameworks and international institutions and organizations, such as UNESCO and the Council of Europe, are taking an active interest in developing international policy and governance guidelines on this issue. However, in many discussions of 'neurorights' the philosophical assumptions, ethical frames of reference and legal interpretation are either not made explicit or are in conflict with each other. The aim of this multidisciplinary work here is to provide conceptual, ethical and legal foundations that allow for facilitating a common minimalist conceptual understanding of mental privacy, mental integrity and cognitive liberty to facilitate scholarly, legal and policy discussions.

翻译：神经技术的兴起,尤其是与基于AI的大脑数据分析方法相结合的神经技术的兴起,引起了人们对保护精神隐私权、精神完整和认知自由的关切,这些常被描述为道德、法律和政策讨论中的“神经权利”。若干国家目前正在考虑将“神经权利”纳入其宪法法律框架,教科文组织和欧洲委员会等国际机构和组织正在积极关注制定关于这一问题的国际政策和治理准则。然而,在许多关于“神经权利”哲学假设的讨论中,伦理参照框架和法律解释要么不明确,要么相互冲突。这里的多学科工作的目的是提供概念、伦理和法律基础,以便能够促进对精神隐私权、精神完整和认知自由的共同最低概念理解,从而便利学术、法律和政策讨论。