Accurately drawing non-planar 3D curves in immersive Virtual Reality (VR) is indispensable for many precise 3D tasks. However, due to lack of physical support, limited depth perception, and the non-planar nature of 3D curves, it is challenging to adjust mid-air strokes to achieve high precision. Instead of creating new interaction techniques, we investigated how task geometric shapes and input modalities affect precision-first drawing performance in a within-subject study (n = 12) focusing on 3D target tracing in commercially available VR headsets. We found that compared to using bare hands, VR controllers and pens yield nearly 30% of precision gain, and that the tasks with large curvature, forward-backward or left-right orientations perform best. We finally discuss opportunities for designing novel interaction techniques for precise 3D drawing. We believe that our work will benefit future research aiming to create usable toolboxes for precise 3D drawing.
翻译:精确地在暗淡虚拟现实(VR)中绘制非平面 3D 曲线对于许多精确的 3D 任务是不可或缺的。 但是,由于缺乏实际支持、深度感知有限以及3D 曲线的非平面性质,调整中空中划线以达到高精度是具有挑战性的。 我们调查任务几何形状和输入模式如何影响一个内题研究(n= 12)中精准的第一次绘图性能,重点是在商业上可用的 VR 头盔中进行三维目标追踪。 我们发现,与光手相比, VR 控制器和笔的精确收益近30%,而大型曲线、前向或左向方向的工作效果最佳。 我们终于讨论了为精确的 3D 绘图设计新互动技术的机会。 我们相信,我们的工作将有益于未来旨在创建精确的3D 3D 绘图可用工具箱的研究。