Knowledge (including structured knowledge such as schema and ontology, and unstructured knowledge such as web corpus) is a critical part of dialog understanding, especially for unseen tasks and domains. Traditionally, such domain-specific knowledge is encoded implicitly into model parameters for the execution of downstream tasks, which makes training inefficient. In addition, such models are not easily transferable to new tasks with different schemas. In this work, we propose to perform dialog state tracking grounded on knowledge encoded externally. We query relevant knowledge of various forms based on the dialog context where such information can ground the prediction of dialog states. We demonstrate superior performance of our proposed method over strong baselines, especially in the few-shot learning setting.
翻译:知识(包括结构化知识,如机理学和本体学等知识,以及无结构化知识,如网络资料)是对话理解的关键部分,特别是对于看不见的任务和领域而言。传统上,这种特定领域知识被隐含地纳入执行下游任务的模式参数,使得培训效率低下。此外,这些模式不容易转用于不同模式的新任务。在这项工作中,我们提议根据外部编码的知识进行对话状态跟踪。我们根据对话背景查询不同形式的相关知识,在对话背景中,这类信息可以作为预测对话状态的基础。我们展示了我们拟议方法优于强的基线的优异性,特别是在少见的学习环境中。