The optimization of high-dimensional black-box functions is a challenging problem. When a low-dimensional linear embedding structure can be assumed, existing Bayesian optimization (BO) methods often transform the original problem into optimization in a low-dimensional space. They exploit the low-dimensional structure and reduce the computational burden. However, we reveal that this approach could be limited or inefficient in exploring the high-dimensional space mainly due to the biased reconstruction of the high-dimensional queries from the low-dimensional queries. In this paper, we investigate a simple alternative approach: tackling the problem in the original high-dimensional space using the information from the learned low-dimensional structure. We provide a theoretical analysis of the exploration ability. Furthermore, we show that our method is applicable to batch optimization problems with thousands of dimensions without any computational difficulty. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on high-dimensional benchmarks and a real-world function.
翻译:高维黑盒功能的优化是一个具有挑战性的问题。当可以假设低维线性嵌入结构时,现有的巴耶斯优化(BO)方法往往将原始问题转化为低维空间的优化。它们利用了低维结构并减少了计算负担。然而,我们发现,这一方法在探索高维空间时可能有限或效率低下,这主要是因为从低维查询对高维查询进行有偏颇的重建。在本文中,我们研究了一个简单的替代方法:利用从知识低维结构获得的信息解决原始高维空间的问题。我们对探索能力进行了理论分析。此外,我们表明,我们的方法适用于在无计算困难的情况下对数千个维的优化问题进行分批处理。我们在高维基准和真实世界功能上展示了我们的方法的有效性。