Both long-tailed and noisily labeled data frequently appear in real-world applications and impose significant challenges for learning. Most prior works treat either problem in an isolated way and do not explicitly consider the coupling effects of the two. Our empirical observation reveals that such solutions fail to consistently improve the learning when the dataset is long-tailed with label noise. Moreover, with the presence of label noise, existing methods do not observe universal improvements across different sub-populations; in other words, some sub-populations enjoyed the benefits of improved accuracy at the cost of hurting others. Based on these observations, we introduce the Fairness Regularizer (FR), inspired by regularizing the performance gap between any two sub-populations. We show that the introduced fairness regularizer improves the performances of sub-populations on the tail and the overall learning performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution when complemented with certain existing popular robust or class-balanced methods.
翻译:长尾数据和噪声标记数据经常出现在现实世界中的应用中,并对学习带来重大挑战。大多数前期作品将其中一个问题孤立地处理,且没有明确考虑两者的耦合效应。我们的实证观察表明,这种方案在数据集长尾且带标签噪音时未能一致地提高学习效果。此外,存在标签噪声的情况下,现有方法在不同子人群中没有观察到普遍改进,换句话说,一些子人群在改善准确性的同时付出了伤害其他子人群的代价。基于这些观察结果,我们引入了公平正则化器,受到正则化任意两个子人群之间性能差距的启发。我们表明,引入公平正则化器可以提高尾部子人群和整个学习性能的表现。广泛的实验证明了提出的解决方案与某些现有的流行鲁棒或类平衡方法相辅相成的有效性。