调控酿酒葡萄果实C13-降异戊二烯香气物质合成的分子生理机制

项目名称： 调控酿酒葡萄果实C13-降异戊二烯香气物质合成的分子生理机制

项目编号： No.31272118

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 潘秋红

作者单位： 中国农业大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： C13-降异戊二烯是一类由类胡萝卜素裂解产生的香气物质，由于其极低的阈值和明显的品种与地域特性，在葡萄酒特征香气构成中有着举足轻重作用，但迄今对葡萄果实C13-降异戊二烯的研究主要在产物分析的层面，关于其合成调控机制仍不明晰；探明大陆季风性气候区酿酒葡萄C13-降异戊二烯的积累与调控机制，对提升我国葡萄酒质量具有积极贡献。本项目拟以酿酒葡萄为试材，针对类胡萝卜素合成与裂解产生C13-降异戊二烯两个代谢环节，研究品种、整形方式与疏叶处理对果实类胡萝卜素和游离态/糖苷结合态C13-降异戊二烯的积累及关键酶（八氢番茄红素合成酶PSY和类胡萝卜素裂解双氧合酶CCD）基因表达的影响，明确调控果实C13-降异戊二烯物质积累的主要因素；研究转录因子PIFs和RAP2s对PSY和CCD基因表达的调节及其机制，揭示调控葡萄果实C13-降异戊二烯产生的分子生理机制，为优质酿酒葡萄的生产提供科学依据。

中文关键词： C13-降异戊二烯；类胡萝卜素；类胡萝卜裂解双加氧酶（VvCCD）；酿酒葡萄；调控机制

英文摘要： C13-Norisoprenoids, a group of volatile compounds that arise from the cleavage of carotenoids, make a vital contribution to wine aroma due to their extremely low threshold and significantly varietial and geographical characteristics. However, so far studies on C13-norisoprenoids in grapes are mostly concerned about analysis of metabolites, and there has been lack of systemic research as to the biosynthesis and regulation of C13-norisoprenoids. Therefore it is essential to understand the mechanism controlling the accumulation of C13-norisoprenoids in wine grape berries grown under China's continental monsoon climate which will contribute to the promotion of our wine quality. The present project will focus on two key reactions in norisoprenoid biosynthetic pathway of wine grape berries: one dealing with the reaction from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to carotenoids by the catalysis of phytoene synthase (PSY), and the other with the reaction from carotenoids to C13-norisoprenoids that is catalyzed by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD). The effects of grape variety, vine training system and bunch exposure on the accumulation of carotenoids and free/bound C13-norisoprenoids and on the expression of the genes encoding PSY and CCD are assessed, which will discover critical factors affecting the production of C13-no

英文关键词： C13-norisoprenoids；Carotenoids；Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases；Wine grapes；Regulation mechanism