苹果特征香气品种间差异的化学物质基础与呈香机理

项目名称： 苹果特征香气品种间差异的化学物质基础与呈香机理

项目编号： No.31301527

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 刘璇

作者单位： 中国农业科学院原子能利用研究所

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 苹果是我国种植和产量第一的果品，香气是苹果鲜食及加工制品的重要品质之一。目前国内外对苹果香气的研究多集中于主栽品种香气成分的测定，而对品种间特征香气物质差异研究较少，其呈香机理尚不明确。本研究从化学物质基础的角度出发，采用固相微萃取-气谱-质谱联用技术对我国主要苹果品系（富士系、元帅系、秦冠、嘎啦、国光等）20个品种的香气物质进行比对研究，通过数学建模与化学分析相结合的方法探索品种间呈香特性差异的化学本质；采用电子鼻检测技术，建立不同品系苹果品种的特征香气表征及识别模型，比较不同模型判别准确性和对人为感官评价的模拟效果，并采用人工神经网络建模技术对特征香气表征模型进行优化和验证。采用相关性分析法，综合气质和电子鼻分析结果，确定呈香核心物质。解决"苹果品种间香气特性差异的主要化学物质是什么、特征物质呈香是如何表征的"两个科学问题，为不同品种苹果及其加工制品风味特性形成和品质调控提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 苹果；品种；香气；固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用；电子鼻

英文摘要： Apple ranks first in planting area and production in China. Aroma profiles of apples is one of the most important quality parameters for raw materials and processing products. Current researches are mainly focus on determination of aroma compounds. However, the characteristic aroma and mechanism of flavoring variance among different cultivars are not clear. Moreover, there is little literature on flavoring mechanism. In the present research, from the chemical components point of view solid-phase microextraction combined gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) will be applied for characterizing 20 apple cultivars (main cultivars in China) on characteristic aromas, and mathematical modeling and chemical analyses will be used to explore the flavoring mechanism related by cultivars based on chemical nature. Aroma characterization and cultivar identification models will be established by the rapid detection technology of electronic nose (E-nose) and artificial neural network modeling technique (ANN). Optimized model will be established by ANN based on data of SPME-GC-MS combined E-nose analyses. The purpose of this study is to reveal the difference of characteristic profiles of apple cultivars by chemical basis and flavoring mechanism, and provide guide and data basis for flavor forming and quality contro

英文关键词： apple；cultivar；aroma；SPME-GC-MS；E-nose