膜璞毕赤酵母结合壳聚糖处理与柑橘果实-炭疽菌的互作机制

项目名称： 膜璞毕赤酵母结合壳聚糖处理与柑橘果实-炭疽菌的互作机制

项目编号： No.31271958

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 曾凯芳

作者单位： 西南大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 炭疽病作为柑橘果实贮藏后期的主要病害，是造成果实采后损失的重要原因。但国内外有关采后柑橘果实炭疽病的研究报道不多。在病害控制技术上，采后杀菌剂处理不但防效甚微，还存在增强病原菌耐药性以及危害环境和人体健康等问题，因此需要寻求安全、有效、稳定的病害控制技术。本项目采用膜醭毕赤酵母结合壳聚糖处理柑橘果实，拟通过通过离体和活体实验探讨酵母菌、壳聚糖、炭疽菌、果实的互作规律，筛选酵母和壳聚糖结合应用控制柑橘果实炭疽病的最佳模式；并通过研究二者结合处理后柑橘果实-炭疽菌互作的结构变化机制以及抗性物质和能量代谢机制，揭示膜醭毕赤酵母结合壳聚糖处理与炭疽菌-柑橘果实的互作机制。这些研究，将为控制柑橘采后炭疽病提供新的理论依据和实践基础，促进以酵母为主体的新型柑橘生物保鲜剂的推广和应用。

中文关键词： 膜醭毕赤酵母；壳聚糖；炭疽菌；柑橘果实；互作机制

英文摘要： Anthracnose has become the most important disease of citrus fruit, and control of postharvest diseases of citrus fruits is mostly dependent on fungicides. However, fungicides are becoming less effective because of the development of fungicides resistance by pathogens, along with public concerns about potential harmful effects of fungicide residues on human health and environments. New and safe strategies for control of postharvest diseases are necessarily to be developed. The objective of this work is to evaluate the interaction regularuty among citrus fruit- Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Pichia membranefaciens with chitosan treatment, in order to get the best action mode of C. gloeosporioides control by P. membranefaciens with chitosan. Furthermore, the interaction mechanism among citrus fruit- C. gloeosporioides and P. membranefaciens with chitosan will be studied through measuring the structure, disease resistance substances and energy metabolism in fruits. We can provide a theoretical support for the biological control of postharvest citrus fruit anthracnose, which is very important to promote the development of biopreservative in citrus industry.

英文关键词： Pichia membranaefaciens；Chitosan；Colletotrichum gloeosporioides；Citrus fruit；Interaction mechanism