项目名称: 西南印度洋中脊热液沉积环境放线菌的多样性研究
项目编号: No.41206160
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 海洋科学
项目作者: 张改云
作者单位: 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所
项目金额: 27万元
中文摘要: 放线菌是微生物活性次级代谢产物产生的主要类群,是最具经济价值和生物技术价值的原核生物,近年来,海洋放线菌及其次生代谢产物的研究取得较大进展,热液是典型深海生态系统中的一种,具有高温,高压,重金属胁迫等极端特点,蕴含着丰富的微生物资源,目前,在深海热液区还没有关于放线菌的系统性研究,本项目拟以西南印度洋中脊热液沉积物样品为基础,对热液区放线菌进行分离方法、生物学特性和系统分类学研究,并结合克隆文库和DGGE等现代分子生物学手段对热液区沉积环境的放线菌资源和多样性进行探索性研究。通过本项目的实施,可以从纯培养和免培养两个方面了解西南印度洋中脊热液沉积环境放线菌的资源储备情况及其开发潜力;为今后深入研究深海热液区放线菌的生态分布、资源评价和开发利用等提供可靠的技术保障和充分的菌种资源。
中文关键词: 放线菌;热液沉积物;抑菌活性;多样性;酶活筛选
英文摘要: Actinobacteria, the major producer of bioactive microbial secondary metabolites, is the most economically and biotechnologically valuable prokaryote. Recent years have witnessed considerable progress in the investigation of the marine actinobacteria and their secondary metabolites. Hydrothermal vents are one of marine typical ecosystems. They are characterized by extreme conditions (high temperature, high pressure, heavy metals and so on) and show tremendous diversity of microbial communities. Nevertheless, little is known about marine actinobacteria in deep-sea hydrothermal vent regions. This study will focus on taxonomy, isolation approaches and biological property of actinobacteria for hydrothermal vents. Community and diversity surveys of actinobacteria for hydrothermal vents were completed by clone library analysis and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method. Through cultured and uncultured biological methods, this study will verify actinobacterial resources reserve and their development potential in hydrothermal sediment at the Southewest Indian Ridge. It will provide reliable technical support and abundant actinobacteria resources for further study of the ecological distribution, resource evaluation and development and utilization of actinobacteria for hydrothermal vents.
英文关键词: Actinobacteria;Hydrothermal sediment;Antimicrobial activity;Diversity;Extracellular enzymes