大气颗粒物对心血管系统的生物学作用及机制研究

项目名称： 大气颗粒物对心血管系统的生物学作用及机制研究

项目编号： No.11275264

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 张芳

作者单位： 中国科学院大学

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 大量流行病学调查已经证明，大气颗粒物的增加与人体呼吸系统、心血管系统等疾病的发生关系密切。我们前期研究发现，不同季节的颗粒物因其化学组成及化学种态不同而呈现不同的呼吸毒性，其中可溶性的过渡金属元素及其诱导的氧化应激作用在颗粒物对呼吸系统的毒性中发挥了重要作用。然而人们对于颗粒物诱发心血管系统疾病的作用机制还不清楚。同步辐射X射线吸收谱及中子活化技术因其对样品损伤小，样品处理简单，灵敏度高等特点在环境科学与生物学中的应用越来越广泛。本项目拟结合生物化学与分子生物学、环境毒理学与核技术等方法，利用动物模型研究大气颗粒物对高脂大鼠心血管系统的影响，探讨颗粒物暴露对动脉粥样硬化发生的病理学机制；通过体外实验进一步揭示颗粒物组成及化学种态的变化对颗粒物诱发心血管疾病的影响，以及颗粒物引发动脉粥样硬化的生物学机制。

中文关键词： 大气细颗粒物；氧化应激；粘附因子；动脉粥样硬化；信号通路

英文摘要： Lots of epidemic investigation have proved that the aggravation of particulate matter is related to the morbidity and mortality of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Our previous study also found that the particulate matter of different season showed the obvious different toxicity for its diverse chemical component and speciation. The oxidative stress induced by the soluble transition elements was considered to play an important role in the respiratory toxicity of the particulate matter. However, the pathogenesis of the particulate matter on the cardiovascular disease is not clear. Synchron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy and neutron activation analysis have widely applied in the environment science and biology with its mild damage to the sample, simple sampling and low detection limit. Combined with the biochemistry and molecular biology, environmental toxicology and nuclear techniques, this work will study the effect of particulate matter on the cardiovascular system and the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis in the high lipid rat; The in vitro experiment will carry out to deplore the relations between the variation of chemical component and speciation with the cardiovascular disease, as well as the molecular mechanism of arteriosclerosis induced by the exposure of particulate matter.

英文关键词： fine particulate matters；oxidative stress；VCAM-1；atherosclerosis；signaling pathway