闽台水稻种质稻瘟病基础抗性基因资源挖掘及抗性机制研究

项目名称： 闽台水稻种质稻瘟病基础抗性基因资源挖掘及抗性机制研究

项目编号： No.U1405212

项目类型： 联合基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 管理科学

项目作者： 陈松彪

作者单位： 福建省农业科学院

项目金额： 259万元

中文摘要： 稻瘟病是危害水稻最严重病害之一，常年造成生产上巨大损失。培育水稻抗病品种，是防治稻瘟病最经济、有效的方法。目前已鉴定的水稻抗性基因基本上是主效基因，容易因生理小种发生变化而丧失抗性，难以应用于广谱持久抗病品种的培育。鉴于此，本项目将综合应用多种高通量全基因组分析策略，对闽台两岸的广谱持久抗稻瘟病水稻优异种质进行抗性遗传位点分析，挖掘基础抗性基因，建立相应的分子标记应用体系，并对关键基础抗性基因进行功能验证和机理研究。本项目的实施，将能够为水稻广谱持久抗病品种的培育提供基因资源，解决水稻抗稻瘟病分子机制的一些重大理论问题。

中文关键词： 水稻；稻瘟病；基础抗性基因；高通量全基因组分析；分子机制

英文摘要： Rice blast caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most serious diseases in rice. Breeding of resistant varieties is the most effective and economic way for controlling blast disease. To date, the majority of blast resistance genes identified are major genes conferring race-specific resistance, and most of these genes have not provided durable resistance due to rapid change of pathogen races. In this project, we propose to perform multiple approaches based on high-throughput genome-wide analysis to characterization and identification of genes conferring basal resistance against blast in rice germplasms in Fujian and Taiwan. We will further develop molecular markers of valuable resistance genes for breeding and perform functional analysis of genes mediating basal resistance in rice. Findings from this project will provide gene resources for developing rice varieties with durable blast resistance, and will advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of rice basal resistance to the blast fungus.

英文关键词： rice ;blast disease;basal resistance gene;high-throughput genome-wide analysis;molecular mechanism