利用连锁作图和关联分析解析菊花抗蚜性的遗传机制

项目名称： 利用连锁作图和关联分析解析菊花抗蚜性的遗传机制

项目编号： No.31471900

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 管志勇

作者单位： 南京农业大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 菊花是我国十大传统名花和世界四大切花之一，观赏和经济价值极高。蚜虫为害菊花严重，现已成为菊花生产中亟待解决的重要课题。唯有明确菊花抗蚜性的遗传机制，培育抗蚜性菊花新品种才是解决该问题的根本所在。然而，目前鲜见菊花抗蚜性相关遗传研究。本项目拟连续2年调查菊花品种资源和杂交群体抗蚜性，研究其在品种群体的遗传变异，挖掘优异抗性亲本；通过配合力分析和主基因+多基因混合遗传模型剖析菊花抗蚜性在杂交设计群体的遗传特性；利用SSR、SRAP等分子标记构建菊花高密度连锁遗传图谱，通过连锁作图剖析菊花抗蚜性的加性与上位性QTL；利用连锁的分子标记和全基因组关联分析挖掘菊花抗蚜性的优异等位变异；综合连锁作图与关联分析结果，获得一致性主效QTL，为菊花抗蚜性相关基因发掘奠定基础。项目将从数量遗传学角度揭示菊花抗蚜性的遗传机制，对利用杂交育种和分子设计育种培育具有较高抗蚜性的菊花新品种具有重要理论和实践意义。

中文关键词： 菊花；抗蚜性；遗传解析；连锁作图；关联分析

英文摘要： Chrysanthemum is among the ten famous traditional flowers in China and the four leading cut-flowers in the world, possessing great ornamental and economic values. Aphid infestation can cause serious damage to chrysanthemum, which has become an important issue in chrysanthemum production. It is of significance to understand the genetic basis of aphid resistance in chrysanthemum for the sake of breeding new chrysanthemums with strong aphid resistance. However, little is known regarding inheritance of aphid resistance in chrysanthemum. The present study aims to dissect genetic basis of aphid resistance in chrysanthemum. We first investigate phenotypic and genetic variations of aphid resistance within chrysanthemum cultivars and dig some excellent germplasm of high aphid resistance. Combining ability analysis and the inheritance model of major gene plus polygene are applied to analyze genetic characteristics of aphid resistance in chrysanthemum hybrid population. We then construct a high density genetic linkage map of chrysanthemum using molecular markers such as SSR, SRAP and etc. Based on this map, we dissect the additive and epistatic effects underlying the inheritance of aphid resistance by linkage mapping. Thirdly, we investigate the elite alleles of aphid resistance among cultivar germplasm by using the linked molecular markers on the linkage map and genome-wide association analysis. Finally, we achieved the consistant main-effect QTL by comparing both results from linkage mapping in F1 population and association analysis in cultivar germplasm. The findings of this study will be both theoretically and practically important for breeding new chrysanthemums with strong aphid resistance by using both hybridization and molecular design breeding approaches in future.

英文关键词： chrysanthemum;aphid resistance;genetic dissection;linkage mapping;association analysis