栲属树木外生菌根真菌的群落结构及其维持机制研究

项目名称： 栲属树木外生菌根真菌的群落结构及其维持机制研究

项目编号： No.31470545

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生态学

项目作者： 高程

作者单位： 中国科学院微生物研究所

项目金额： 86万元

中文摘要： 栲属(Castanopsis)属于壳斗科(Fagaceae)，广泛分布于我国的森林生态系统中，具有丰富的物种多样性，并与土壤真菌形成互惠共生体?外生菌根(ectomycorrhiza, EM)。作为地上与地下生态系统的关键连接者，EM真菌在森林生态系统的演替、多样性维持以及物质循环中发挥重要的生态功能。而揭示菌根真菌的群落组成及其形成机制是深入阐明菌根生态功能的前提。因此，本项目拟以我国栲属的常见植物为对象，利用高通量DNA测序和ITS条形码技术，检测植物根系的EM真菌多样性；通过分析EM真菌群落与植物种类、植物系统发育、空间距离、气候、土壤等因素的关系，从寄主偏好性和共生网络结构的角度揭示EM真菌的群落结构、分布格局及其维持机制。本项目从EM的角度揭示森林生态系统中栲属植物与地下共生真菌之间的共存机制，对我国森林生物多样性保护以及干扰生态系统的生物修复都有重要的理论和实践意义。

中文关键词： 外生菌根真菌；栲属；网络结构；群落结构；维持机制

英文摘要： The genus Castanopsis (Fagaceae) that widely distributed in Chinese forest ecosystems, is rich in species diversity and forms ectomycorrhizal (EM) symbiont with soil fungi. As the key linker of aboveground and belowground ecosystems, EM fungi play essential roles in forest succession, biodiversity maintenance, and nutrient recycling in ecosystems. Unveiling EM fungal community structure and the generating mechanism are the premises for further revealing of the ecosystem function of EM fungi, and also these are hotspots in current ecological research. However, little is known about the EM fungal community associated with Castanopsis plant, presently. Therefore, in this project, EM fungi associated with Castanopsis plant will be examined using the high-throughput DNA pyro-sequencing and ITS barcoding techniques. Furthermore, EM fungal community structure, distribution pattern and the maintenance mechanisms will be investigated from the views of host preference and mutualistic network structure, by analyzing of the EM fungal data with plant identity, plant phylogeny, geographic distance, climate and soil. This project trys to understand the coexisted mechanism between aboveground Castanopsis plant and belowground symbiosis fungi from the view of EM, and will have significances in the protection of forest biodiversity and the restoration of disturbed ecosystems.

英文关键词： Ectomycorrhizal fungi;Castanopsis;Network structure;Community structure;Maintenance mechanism