适应性记忆的认知与神经机制：生存加工和死亡提醒的双视角

项目名称： 适应性记忆的认知与神经机制：生存加工和死亡提醒的双视角

项目编号： No.31671123

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2017

项目学科： 神经、认识与心理学

项目作者： 杨娟

作者单位： 西南大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 自然选择使得我们的记忆系统更加容易记住与适应性有关的信息。已有研究发现生存加工情境能够有效的促进被试的记忆成绩，然而对于记忆的死亡加工优势是否存在还有争议：一种观点认为无论是生存还是死亡都是以类似的机制对个体的记忆系统产生影响；另一种观点认为生存和死亡对记忆的影响机制是不一致的。本项目拟结合心理学行为实验、脑电数据采集和脑成像数据采集的方法，围绕生存加工和死亡提醒对记忆的影响这一基本问题，从行为和神经层面阐明影响和塑造个体记忆形成的机制，主要关注：1）发生在无意识和意识层面的生存和死亡对一般信息记忆的影响；2）发生在无意识和意识层面的生存和死亡对自我相关记忆的影响；3）自尊的调节作用。从生存和死亡两个角度探讨人类记忆的适应性，构建基于进化论的记忆加工优势模型，揭示自我记忆加工优势的心理机制和生理机制，有助于完善和拓展现有的功能取向的记忆研究，为最终理解人类为何及如何记忆指明方向。

中文关键词： 适应性记忆；自我参照效应；自尊；事件相关电位；功能性核磁共振

英文摘要： Evolutionary psychologist assign tremendous importance to ancestral environments in shaping human’s memory system. Previous studies showed that memory systems might have evolved to help us remember fitness-relevant information-specially, information relevant to survival. However, whether memory systems could evolved to help us remember fitness-relevant information- relevant to death has not been in-agreement. Some argues that the mechanisms responsible for survival processing and death-related thoughts effects are overlapping, others argues that survival and death cognition likely rely on different mechanisms to achieve their effects. Authors of the current study suggested that future study might focus on: 1) both the priming effect and the survival-related scenarios effect on the memory system; 2) the effects of thoughts of survival and thoughts of death on recall of self-related information; 3) the modulation effect of self-esteem. Discussing the adaptive memory from the perspective of survival scenarios and the dying scenarios, constructing a memory model basing on the evolutional theory, will help to understand why and how people’s memory being processed.

英文关键词： adaptive memory;self-referential effect;self-esteem;ERP;fMRI