基于脆弱性的大气颗粒物重金属健康风险研究

项目名称： 基于脆弱性的大气颗粒物重金属健康风险研究

项目编号： No.41301581

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 李凤英

作者单位： 南京信息工程大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 本研究立足大气颗粒物重金属健康风险管理现实需求和健康风险研究的不足，以长三角典型城市-南京为研究对象，尝试将人群脆弱性纳入健康风险评估。首先，在PM10、PM2.5中Pb、Hg、Cr、Cd、As的浓度和形态分析基础上，结合暴露参数调查，参考美国 EPA方法进行人群健康风险评估；其次，从易感性、暴露、响应能力和恢复能力等四个方面选取脆弱性指标，结合社会经济调查、暴露调查和风险感知调查，采用GIS空间分析技术和多元统计方法，建立人群脆弱性评估体系，获得人群脆弱性指数；最后，参照美国健康风险评估基准确立的背景，确立脆弱性指数基准值，对脆弱性指数进行标准化，并利用标准化结果对基于形态学的健康风险评估结果进行修正，修正后的健康风险水平更能系统地反映人群在重金属污染场中的暴露及其对健康风险的防控、减缓和适应能力，从而为准确识别高风险人群，筛选降低人群健康风险的关键节点提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 大气颗粒物；重金属；健康风险；脆弱性；暴露参数

英文摘要： Current demands in controlling and reducing human health risk caused by heavy metal pollutions in airborne particles, as well as gaps in health risk assessment, calls for expanding the scope of human health risk assessment. The human vulnerability, which plays important roles in human response to heavy metals in airborne particulate matters, is proposed to be included in human health risk assessments. The study will be carried out in Nanjing, which is a representative city in Yangtze River Delta. Firstly, analysis of the contents and chemical speciation of heavy metals is carried out. And the chemical speciation, which refers differential biological effectiveness, is taken in account in typical human health risk assessment to revealing health risk more precisely. Secondly, an index system is established involving four aspects of vulnerability-susceptibility, exposure, preparedness and the ability to recover from the future harm. The relevant data is collected by investigation on socioeconomic, exposure, risk perception et al. Multivariate statistical analysis and GIS spatial analysis are adopted in modeling and assessing the vulnerability. Thirdly, a benchmark value of vulnerability is proposed by referring to the background in which the US benchmarks for health risk assessment, as well as the social and economi

英文关键词： Airborne Particulate Matters；Heavy metal；Health Risk；Vulnerbility；Exposure Parameter