东亚特有植物领春木的景观基因组学研究

项目名称： 东亚特有植物领春木的景观基因组学研究

项目编号： No.31470515

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 魏新增

作者单位： 中国科学院武汉植物园

项目金额： 88万元

中文摘要： 遗传适应性是木本植物应对气候变化的重要策略之一。但是，木本植物响应气候变化的遗传适应潜力往往被忽略，尤其是缺乏基因组信息的非模式植物。随着高通量测序技术的快速发展，植物在气候变化条件下的遗传适应潜力研究逐渐由景观遗传学领域的难点变为热点。本项目拟以领春木（Euptelea pleiospermum）为研究对象，采用单核苷酸多态性（SNP）分子标记技术和景观基因组学分析方法，（1）在分布区尺度上揭示领春木适应性遗传多样性地理格局和景观遗传结构；（2）通过将适应性遗传多样性和遗传结构与气候因子进行关联分析，确定受气候因子影响的基因位点及与之关联的关键气候因子，探讨气候因子在领春木适应性遗传变异形成中的作用。该项目旨在评估气候变化条件下我国亚热带山地珍稀特有木本植物的遗传适应潜力。该项目的开展不仅可以促进景观遗传学理论的发展和完善，也为气候变化条件下我国亚热带山地珍稀植物的保护提供新的理论依据。

中文关键词： 景观遗传学；领春木；单核苷酸多态性；适应性；适应性遗传变异

英文摘要： Adaptation is one of the most important strategies for tree species in the face of climate change. However, the genetic basis of adaptation has often been neglected, especially in non-model tree species for which genomic information is limited or absent. In parallel with technical progress made in sequencing methods, landscape genomics has offered an empirical approach to detect climate factors driving the process of adaptation. In this project, we will genotype single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 15 to 20 populations of Euptelea pleiospermum across its natural range in China and adjacent area. We will apply Paired-End RAD-tag sequencing to identify SNP markers. Based on the average latitude and longitude for each sampling site, climate data will be obtained from the Ecological Database of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN). First, we will reveal geographic pattern of adaptive diversity and landscape genetic structure of E. pleiospermum at a broad scale. Second, landscape genomics analyses will be used to investigate how climate factors influence patterns of adaptive genetic variation. We will use the association between climate factors and allele frequencies to identify potential loci underlying selection. In other words, after accounting for genetic variation due to demography, or other neutral processes, landscape genomics analyses will be performed to identify loci that are related to climate variables. In general, this project aims to assess the potential of genetic responses to climate change for endemic and rare tree species in subtropical mountains of China. This project will provide critical information for understanding the extent to which climate has shaped geographic genetic structure in the past, and for identifying tree population that may be at risk with the predicted rapid future climate change.

英文关键词： Landscape genetics;Euptelea pleiospermum;Single Nucleotide Polymorphism;Adaptation;Adaptive genetic variation