农药与高吸水性树脂的相互作用及两者共存下的农药环境行为研究

项目名称： 农药与高吸水性树脂的相互作用及两者共存下的农药环境行为研究

项目编号： No.11275170

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 汪海燕

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 利用高吸水性树脂(SAP)解决干旱半干旱地区抗旱保水问题是行之有效的农业生产措施，而农药的使用亦不可或缺。因此，研究并阐明SAP与农药共存下农药的环境行为规律尤为重要。本项目以多菌灵和丙酯草醚为研究对象，综合运用放射性同位素示踪技术和现代仪器分析技术，从质量平衡和示踪动力学角度阐明多菌灵/丙酯草醚与SAP共存下，两种农药在土壤中的可提态残留、结合态残留与矿化规律，在土壤模式生物（蚯蚓）中的生物富集作用及消除规律，以及在植物中的吸收、运转与分配等规律；利用现代波谱分析技术研究多菌灵/丙酯草醚与SAP的相互作用，并探讨其可能的作用机制。同时，采用电子束法制备多菌灵-SAP复合物和丙酯草醚-SAP复合物，进而研究这两种农药-SAP复合物特性及其在植物-土壤生态系统中的行为规律。本项目旨在为干旱地区安全、科学、合理使用SAP和农药，为其向着高效安全、环境友好的方向发展提供理论依据和技术支持。

中文关键词： 农药；高吸水性树脂；环境行为；同位素示踪技术；相互作用

英文摘要： The application of super absorbent polymers (SAP) to agriculture is one of the effective measures to solve the problems of drought resisting and water retention in arid-semiarid region and the use of pesticide is an indispensable part as well. So it is obviously important to study and clarify environmental behavior of agricultural chemicals when coexisted with SAP. Based on this purpose, Carbendazim, a highly-efficient bactericide and ZJ0273, a novel highly-selective herbicide are selected for the following studies. Supported by radioisotope tracer technology and modern analytical techniques, from the points of mass balance and tracer kinetics, it is conducted to investigate extractable residues, bound residues and mineralization, bioaccumulation and depletion of the two pesticides in soil earthworms, as well as absorption, transportation and distribution in plants of peanuts and oilseed rape, when carbendazim and ZJ0273 are coexisted with SAP. By means of modern spectroscopy, interaction of the two pesticides with SAP and their potential mode action are determined. Meantime, electron-beam radiation is applied to initiate and synthesize/prepare the compisites of carbendazim-SAP and ZJ0273-SAP, and then study their properties and environmental behavior in plant-soil ecosystem. This project paves a way for safely-

英文关键词： Pesticide；Superabsorbent Polymer；Environmental Behavior；Isotope Tracer Technology；Interaction