小麦抗条锈菌基因Yr10的抗病机制研究

项目名称： 小麦抗条锈菌基因Yr10的抗病机制研究

项目编号： No.31501619

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 王晓静

作者单位： 西北农林科技大学

项目金额： 18万元

中文摘要： 利用抗病品种是防治病害最根本有效的措施。然而，条锈菌致病性变异频繁，导致大部分小麦生产品种“丧失”抗锈性，对小麦生产和粮食安全构成了极大威胁。因而，加强小麦抗锈机制研究，寻求防治病害新策略，对持续控制条锈病意义重大。因此，本项目拟在前期通过图位克隆获得的小麦全生育期抗条锈菌基因Yr10及其假基因4E的基础上，通过酵母双杂、瞬时表达、基因沉默、RNAi、Pull-down、双分子荧光互补、免疫胶体金等技术方法，借助Yr10抗病基因近等基因系材料，揭示Yr10假基因4E抗性丧失原因，鉴定Yr10上下游互作靶标，分析靶标功能，明确其抗病反应信号通路，深入揭示Yr10基因在小麦抗条锈病中的作用机理，为通过修饰和改造抗病通路中的功能蛋白创制新型抗病材料，进而为培育持久高效的小麦抗病品种提供理论基础和技术支撑。

中文关键词： 小麦病害；抗病基因；抗性机理；信号通路；抗性利用

英文摘要： Growing resistant cultivars is the most fundamental and effective method of disease control. Rapid virulence variation of pathogen results in “resistance loss” of wheat cultivars, which severely impacts the security of wheat production and foods. It is urgent to reveal the mechanism of resistance against stripe rust for wheat resistance reasonable utilization and disease control. We isolated the first seedling or all stage resistance R gene against stripe rust from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using a map-based cloning approach was identified as Yr10 and pseudogene 4E. Thus, in this project, we plan to further study the resistance to wheat stripe rust mediated by Yr10 gene, analyze the reason of 4E inability to encode mRNA, identify the up and down interacted target genes, elucidate the resistant signal pathway by Yr10 wheat near-isogenic line(NIL) via screening the yeast two-hybrid library, transient expression, gene silencing, RNAi, Pull-Down, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, immuno-colloidal gold technology and so on. Our results will reveal the resistant mechanism mediated by Yr10, which will offer further possibilities for stripe rust resistance using biotechnological approaches of modification the targets and lay the theoretical foundation for developing new strategies to control disease persistently.

英文关键词： wheat disease;reistance gene;resistant mechanism;signal pathway;resistance utilities