水溶性超分子聚集体软物质的设计，合成及功能研究

项目名称： 水溶性超分子聚集体软物质的设计，合成及功能研究

项目编号： No.21302030

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 黄哲钢

作者单位： 哈尔滨工业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 模拟具有生命动态响应特征的复杂多变的生物体系，制备环境敏感性的软物质及软材料是新时代特征。以非共价键相互作用键连的超分子有序自组装,为人们提供了在时间和空间上对组装体结构进行调节、控制的可能方法。刚柔型芳香性超分子可作为自组装聚集材料单体为创建动态-响应性的软材料受到瞩目。刚柔分子的组装行为主要受共轭芳香性刚性部分的各向异性和柔性链的耗散作用的竞争平衡,同时,该竞争平衡又受到周围环境的影响。基于刚柔分子的组装规律，此课题中我们将要考察一系列敏感性的刚柔型超分子软材料的动态响应行为。主要工作包括：优化分子结构制备室温响应型(1)和海水中盐感应(2)的发光及变色材料。（3）精细合成客体分子响应的两亲性高聚物，容纳客体分子的储存器。（4）模拟生命环境，制备pH-响应型搏动的纳米管，设计合成控释传递药物的机械装置。

中文关键词： 自组装；软材料；两亲分子；动态响应；纳米结构

英文摘要： One of the ultimate scientific challenges would be to develop artificial analogues of mechanical devices that dynamiting autonomously. Supramolecular events take place through self-assembly process from molecular modules have been use to create dynamiting aggregates in response to external stimuli. Among many self-assembling systems, aromatic rigid building blocks have proven to be particularly interesting due to their great potentials to construct smart nanostructures. Because the self-assembly of the rod blocks arises mostly from subtle anisometric interactions, the small variations in local environments trigger rapid transformation of the equilibrium features. Along this line, we have made an effort to construct smart supramolecular systems by introducing oligoether dendrons into aromatic rod building blocks. We will show that rod amphiphiles with oligoether dendrons self-assemble into various well-defined nanostructures that are able to respond to environmental changes by changing their shapes and macroscopic properties. We will also show that bent-shaped rigid segments can adopt hexameric macrocycles with a dynamic mechanical motion triggered by pH changes. We expect our progress to exploit smart nanostructures in aqueous solution will present together with their practical implications.

英文关键词： self-assembly；smart materials；amphiphile；dynamic response；nano-structure