植物不定根形成及其响应逆境胁迫的分子机制研究

项目名称： 植物不定根形成及其响应逆境胁迫的分子机制研究

项目编号： No.31260090

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 李师翁

作者单位： 兰州交通大学

项目金额： 55万元

中文摘要： 不定根形成是植物无性繁殖的重要途径，具有重要经济意义；是环境胁迫下植物繁殖策略和对种子繁殖的补充，具有重要生态意义。目前在基因水平上对不定根形成机制的研究还很少开展。申请项目拟以绿豆为材料，运用生理生化和分子生物学方法，以基因ADH1、AHK、NHX1、RD22、RD29、ARL1、ARF7、ARF19、AUX1、LBD16和LBD29为指标，以绿豆幼苗不定根发生为实验模型，研究不定根形成过程及IBA、ABA、BR、乙烯、Ca2+、NO和H2O2处理，以及盐、渗透和重金属胁迫下不定根形成过程中基因表达的变化，揭示以下科学问题：(1)基因表达的变化与不定根形成之间关系；(2)植物生长调节物和信号分子对不定根形成的影响是如何通过基因表达的调控而实现的？(3)逆境胁迫是如何改变不定根形成中基因的表达而抑制根发生？(4)生长调节物和信号分子是如何通过调控基因表达促进不定根形成和对逆境胁迫的响应

中文关键词： 绿豆；不定根；基因表达；生长素；信号分子

英文摘要： Roots play a vital role in plant growth, development, and fitness. Many scientists are starting to see roots as central to their efforts to produce crops with a better yield - efforts that go beyond the Green Revolution. Roots are the key to a second green revolution - one that doesn't rely on expensive inputs. Roots can be divided into several categories depending on their origin and developmental history. Primary roots originate from the embryo in seeds, while lateral roots develop as branches of primary roots. Adventitious roots are distinct in that they develop ectopically from aboveground organs such as stems, often in situations where there is environmentally imposed stress. It is ecologically and evolutionarily significant of plants and a heritable quantitative trait that is affected by multiple endogenous and environmental factors, perhaps as an alternative or supplement to seed propagation in ecosystems where soil disturbance is frequent. Adventitious rooting is one of the most important ways of vegetative propagation in plants and one of the most important methods of commercial production of horticultural crops throughout the world. It is a prerequisite for the successful production of viable clones. However, the early molecular events under the early stage of adventitious rooting are poorly understood

英文关键词： mung bean；adventitious roots；gene expression；auxin；signil molecules