航空航天用碳纤维复合材料雷电直接效应的机理研究

项目名称： 航空航天用碳纤维复合材料雷电直接效应的机理研究

项目编号： No.51477132

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 电工技术

项目作者： 姚学玲

作者单位： 西安交通大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 雷电是自然界存在的高电压大电流放电现象，对航空航天器的安全运行危害极大。随着碳纤维增强型聚合物复合材料CFRP的技术进步，CFRP广泛应用在民用飞机、军用飞机及隐形飞机上，波音B787主翼、尾翼、机体等结构中CFRP的比例达到50%。但CFRP的雷击损伤远大于传统金属材料，而CFRP雷电直接效应的试验和测试方法至今尚无规范。 本项目以CFRP雷电直接效应为研究背景，探索雷电与CFRP相互作用的试验和测量方法，得到雷电流参数与CFRP雷电直接效应的相关规律。在此基础上，建立CFRP雷电直接效应的物理模型,获得雷电流参数与CFRP纤维断裂、树脂热解和深度分层的内在规律，并根据实验数据优化物理模型和计算方法，阐释CFRP的雷击损伤机理，为CFRP材料优选、CFRP结构设计提供理论依据，同时，为CFRP雷电直接效应试验与测量方法的规范及CFRP雷电直接效应试验标准的制定奠定实验与理论基础。

中文关键词： 雷电直接效应；碳纤维复合材料；航空航天

英文摘要： Lightning, which is a kind of nature discharging phenomenon accompanying with high voltage and high current, caused great damage to the safe operation of airspace vehicles. With the improvement of aircraft design and carbon fiber composite technology, carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites(CFRP) have been widely used in airspace field, such as Large Civil Aircraft, Military Aircraft, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) and Stealth Aircraft.The Boeing B787 dreamliner features over 50% CFRP by structural weight, including wing, tail, and body structure, and the ratio of CFRP structural reaches to 53% in the Airbus A350XWA. Dueing to much lower electrical conductivity of CFRP laminate, the lightning strike damage of CFRP laminate is far greater than that of the tranditional used metallic meterials in aircraft. But so far, there is not any correlative test standards can be abided for studying the lightning direct effects on CFRP. Taking the lightning direct effects on CFRP as the research background in the project, the experimental environment is established and the experimantal researches are carried. The test methods and measuring methods are searched, and the interaction between lightning cuurenr parameters and lightning direct effects on CFRP can be obtained. On base of the above experimental results, the physical models of CFRP are built and the calculated methods are designed, the innate relations between lightning current waveform parameters(including current peak i, rise rate of current di/dt, transfer charge Q and action integral W/R) and lightning stirke damage of CFRP (including carbon fiber breakage, resin pyrolysis, and thickness delamination) are obtained. Next, combining with the obtained experimental results, the simulating physical models are optimized, and the lightning strike damage mechanisms of CFRP are analyzed and searched. These research results will provide a theoretical basis for choosing high quality CFRP materials and the refined design of CFRP's structure, and they also lay a experimental and theoretical foundation for normalizing the test lightning waveforms,the test methods and the lightning direct effect on CFRP simultaneously.

英文关键词： Lightning Direct Effects;Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites;Airspace