苦荞主要产量相关性状的全基因组关联分析

项目名称： 苦荞主要产量相关性状的全基因组关联分析

项目编号： No.31501365

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 杨璞

作者单位： 西北农林科技大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 苦荞药食同源，富含生物类黄酮，是21世纪新型保健食品资源。提高其籽粒产量是苦荞育种的一个重要目标。苦荞产量和产量相关性状多为数量性状，遗传机理复杂，定位和克隆苦荞产量相关性状基因对于揭示荞麦产量形成的遗传机理、提高荞麦产量具有重要意义。苦荞花器脆弱，难以通过杂交构建分离群体。基于自然群体和连锁不平衡的关联分析方法不需要专门构建分离群体，是作物数量性状基因定位的新方法。本研究中拟利用tGBS (Tunable Genotyping-By-Sequencing) 测序技术对具有广泛遗传变异的200个苦荞品种进行测序，拼接组装苦荞参考基因组，进行全基因组SNP分析；分析苦荞基因组LD衰减水平、群体结构和苦荞品种间的亲缘关系；2年3点考察每个苦荞品种的产量和8个主要产量相关性状，对它们进行全基因组关联分析，定位QTL。系统剖析荞麦产量形成的遗传基础，发掘优良等位基因，为苦荞分子育种奠定基础。

中文关键词： 苦荞；产量相关性状；关联分析；SNP基因型分析；基因定位

英文摘要： Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn) is an important medicinal and edible food crop rich in flavonoids, which is a new health food resources in the 21st century. Improving the yield is one of the most important objectives of tartary buckwheat breeding. The yield and yield related traits are complex quantitative trait in buckwheat, the genetic mechanism is complicated and largely unknown at present. Mapping and cloning the gene for yield and yield related traits in tartary buckwheat is crucial for uncovering the genetic mechanism of yield formation, and improving the yield of tartary buckwheat. The flower of tartary buckwheat is vulnerable and it's difficult to obtain hybrid seeds. At present, a new established gene mapping strategy that is called association mapping, which based on natural population and linkage disequilibrium is becoming one of the most powerful genes mapping strategy and which didn't need to construct segregating populations. In this study, we plan to sequencing 200 buckwheat accessions with extensive genetic variation using the tGBS (Tunable Genotyping- By-Sequencing ) sequencing technology, assembled the reference genome of tartary buckwheat and calling the SNP covering the whole genome. The LD decay distance of tartary buckwheat will be evaluated, the population structure and the kinship between the buckwheat accessions will be calculated. The yield and eight yield related traits for each accession will be investigated in three different location across two years, and whole genome association mapping of these traits will be conducted. In this study, several QTL controlling yield and yield related traits will be identified, the genetic basis of yield formation preliminarily uncovered and some elite allele will be identified. The information obtained in this study will greatly accelerate the progress of buckwheat molecular breeding.

英文关键词： Tartary buckwheat;Yield-related traits;Association mapping;SNP genotyping;Gene mapping