滑坡的电磁响应及野外实时监测试验研究

项目名称： 滑坡的电磁响应及野外实时监测试验研究

项目编号： No.41274075

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 黄清华

作者单位： 北京大学

项目金额： 100万元

中文摘要： 滑坡是威胁人们生命财产的重大自然灾害之一，其机理、监测、预警研究具有重要的科学意义和减灾价值。本项目拟在前期多学科滑坡预警探索研究的基础上，借鉴地震电磁响应研究的思路和成果，通过理论模型分析、数值模拟计算、野外试验以及室内实验等综合研究，针对滑坡的电磁响应及野外实时监测试验这一创新性科学问题进行研究。具体考虑地震诱发型和降雨诱发型这两类滑坡，将地震电磁响应研究中的力-电耦合、动电效应等模型及算法拓展至滑坡问题的研究之中，开展不同电性结构滑坡体模型下给定源的电磁响应理论模型研究，探索滑坡的电磁响应特征，并考察滑坡体内流体等作用对其影响；构建基于自然电位法的野外滑坡实时监测系统，选定易发滑坡体开展相应的野外电磁监测试验，并基于观测资料，结合实际滑坡情况、室内滑坡模拟实验以及给定滑坡源的电磁响应模型模拟结果，评估电磁信息在滑坡预警的应用前景。该研究可为滑坡灾害过程及其机理研究提供一条新途径。

中文关键词： 电磁响应；耦合；监测实验与数值模拟；滑坡；防灾

英文摘要： Based on the previous work of landslide early warning with multi-disciplinary approaches, we focus the current study on the electromagnetic response and its real-time monitoring of landslides. This study proposes an integrated approach of theoretical model analysis, numerical simulation, laboratory experiment, and field test. Motivated by the study on the electromagnetic response of earthquakes, we extend the earthquake-related model study of mechano-electric coupling and electrokinetic effect into the work of the electromagnetic response of both earthquake-triggered and rainfall-induced landslides. We investigate the characteristics of the electromagnetic response of landslides based on the theoretical analysis of landslides with various structures. The possible effect of underground fluid on the electromagnetic response is also evaluated. After proposing and achieving a real-time self-potential monitoring system, we apply such system in the field monitoring test for a given slope with high probability of sliding. Taking into account the results of indoor landslide experiment and the model analysis of electromagnetic response of landslides, we process the field monitoring data and analyze their relationship with the occurrence of landslide. The potential application of electromagnetic approach in landslide earl

英文关键词： Electromagnetic response；coupling；monitoring experiment and numerical simulation；landslide；disaster prevention